But on the ocean there was a different story--a series of brilliant
victories which, while they did not seriously cripple the great English
navy, caused Canning to declare in Parliament that "the sacred spell of
the invincibility of the British navy is broken." The heaviest blow was
struck to British commerce, no less than sixteen hundred English
merchantmen falling victims to privateers and ships-of-war.
The group of men who commanded the American vessels was a most
remarkable one, and their fighting qualities were worthy in every way of
John Paul Jones. First blood was drawn by David Porter, illustrious
scion of a family which gave five generations to brilliant service in
the navy. On August 13, 1812, Porter, with the Essex, engaged in a
sharp battle with the British ship Alert, which, after an action of
eight minutes, surrendered in a sinking condition. He had seen hard
service before that, had been twice impressed by British vessels and
twice escaped, had fought French and pirates, and spent some time in a
prison in Tripoli.
After his capture of the Alert, he went on a cruise in the Pacific,
destroying the English whale fisheries there, capturing booty valued at
two and a half million dollars, and taking four hundred prisoners. So
great was the damage he inflicted, that a British squadron was fitted
out and sent to the Pacific to capture him, found him in a partially
disabled condition in the harbor of Valparaiso, and, disregarding the
neutrality of the port, sailed in and attacked him. The engagement
lasted two hours and a half, the Essex finally surrendering when reduced
to a helpless wreck. On the Essex at the time was a midshipman aged
twelve years, who got his first taste of fighting there, and whose name
was destined to become, after that of Paul Jones, the most famous in
American naval history--David Glasgow Farragut.
Less than a week after Porter's victory over the Alert, another and much
more important one was won by Captain Isaac Hull in the frigate
Constitution--"Old Ironsides"--the most famous ship-of-war the navy has
ever possessed. Isaac Hull was a nephew of General William Hull, who, on
August 16, 1812, surrendered Detroit and his entire army to the British
without striking a blow. Three days later, Isaac Hull, having sailed
from Boston without orders, in his anxiety to meet the enemy and for
fear the command of the Constitution would be given to some one else--a
breach of discipline for which he would probably have been
court-martialled and shot, had the cruise ended disastrously--fell in
with the powerful British frigate Guerriere. Inscribed across the
Guerriere's mainsail in huge red letters were the words:
All who meet me have a care,
I am England's Guerriere.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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