3. Laid in the hand, with the eye and stalk sidewise, they have the appearance of a roundish grape. CLASS VI.--TAPERING APPLES. 1. They have the cells regular. 2. They are not covered with bloom. 3. They are not striped, and are either of a uniform color, or washed with red on the side next the sun. 4. Constantly diminishing to a point towards the eye. 5. They are sweet or vinous, approaching a pure acid. 6. They do not readily decay. +ORDER I.--OBLONG, CYLINDRICAL OR CONICAL.+ Characters the same as Order III. of the Streiflinge. +ORDER II.--TAPERING TO A POINT.+ Characters the same as Order II. of the Streiflinge. CLASS VII.--FLAT APPLES. 1. They are constantly broader than high. 2. They are never striped. 3. They are either of a uniform color, or, on the side exposed to the sun, more or less washed or shaded with red. 4. They have regular cells. 5. They are not unctuous when handled. 6. They do not readily decay. 7. Flavor purely sweet, or purely sour. +ORDER I.--PURELY FLAT APPLES.+ 1. The difference is obvious to the eye. 2. The breadth is constantly half an inch more than the hight. +ORDER II.--ROUND-SHAPED FLAT APPLES.+ 1. The eye cannot easily detect a distinction between the breadth and hight. 2. The breadth rarely exceeds the hight by a quarter of an inch. 3. The fruit, cut transversely, exhibits almost or quite two equal halves. DOCHNAHL'S CLASSIFICATION. =SECTION I.--PLEUROIDEA.=--ANGULAR OR RIBBED. Having sharp or flat ribs, which extend over the length of the fruit and are most prominent around the eye, where they are most generally situated. CLASS I.--MALA CYDONARIA--QUINCE-SHAPED. +ORDER I.--CALVILLES.+ 1. They have large heart-shaped cells, open towards the axis, or often entirely torn; the cells extend very often from the stalk even to the tube of the calyx. 2. They diminish from about the middle of the fruit, or a little above it, towards the eye. 3. They are regular, and provided generally with fine ribs, which do not disfigure the fruit. 4. On the tree, the fruit is covered with bloom. 5. They are never distinctly striped. 6. Their flesh is soft, loose, fine and light, of a balsamic flavor, similar to that of strawberries or raspberries. 7. The eye is frequently closed. 8. Many of them acquire by keeping an oily or unctuous skin. GROUP I.--Fruit red, almost entirely covered with red. GROUP II.--Fruit parti-colored; yellow; very much striped or washed with red. GROUP III.--Fruit yellow; of a whitish, greenish, or golden yellow. +ORDER II.--PSEUDO-CALVILLES.+ 1. The cells are almost the same as the true Calvilles--very large and open. 2. The calycinal tube is wide and generally very short. 3. They are slightly narrowed toward the eye, and flattened toward the stalk. 4. Their ribs are very prominent, especially around the eye. 5. They are aromatic, and have not the balsamic flavor of the true Calvilles.