=Moore's Sweeting.= RED SWEET PIPPIN.--BLACK SWEET. [Illustration: Fig. 64.--MOORE'S SWEETING.] This valuable winter sweet apple is much cultivated throughout the West on account of its productiveness, and the amount of nutriment it furnishes to both man and animals. Tree vigorous, healthy, spreading, round, with branches sufficiently open; Shoots dark olive; Foliage large, dark green. Fruit medium to large, globular-oblate, regular; Surface smooth, greenish-yellow, covered with dull red in confused stripes and shaded with gray that gives the fruit a purple hue; Dots minute and few; Skin thick. Basin wide, wavy or folded; Eye medium, closed. Cavity wide or acute, deep, green or brown; Stem short, rather stout. Core small, closed; Seeds numerous, plump, pale; Flesh yellow, dry, firm; Flavor very sweet; Quality inferior, for the dessert; Use, baking, market, stock, cider; Season from December to March and later, keeping very sound. =Putnam Sweet.= Originated near Marietta, Ohio. Fruit large, flat, regular; Surface smooth, mixed, splashed and striped deep red; Dots numerous, large. Basin wide, shallow, regular; Eye small, closed. Cavity wide, regular; Stem short. Core roundish, flattened, open, clasping the eye; Seeds numerous, pointed, pale; Flesh tender; Flavor sweet; quality very good; Use, kitchen, stock; Season August, September. =Richmond.= [Illustration: Fig. 65.--RICHMOND.] Described by F.R. Elliott, author of _American Fruit Growers' Guide_, and named for our mutual friend, D.C. Richmond, near Sandusky, Ohio, who found it in an old seedling orchard with several other good varieties. The seeds were supposed to have been brought from the old French orchards of Canada. Tree large, vigorous, productive, and would appear to have been hardy. Mr. Elliott says: "Fruit large; Form roundish, occasional specimens have one side a little enlarged; Color light yellow ground, mostly or quite overspread with light and dark red stripes, many dots or specks of light russet; Stem varying, mostly short, slender; Cavity deep, open, regular, a little brownish at bottom; Calyx large, segments long; Basin deep, open, uniformly furrowed; Flesh white, tender, juicy, delicate, sweet; Core medium; Seeds large, full; Season October to December." =Sweet Vandervere.= [Illustration: Fig. 66.--SWEET VANDERVERE.] This is another western favorite with the admirers of sweet apples. Tree sufficiently vigorous, healthy, and productive; twigs slender, like those of the true Vanderveres. Fruit of good size, from full medium to large, regular, oblate, and resembling the Pennsylvania Vandervere; surface very smooth, yellow, shaded with mixed red, and striped with dull or dark red; Dots yellow, scattered, indented. Basin abrupt, wide, deep, regular; Eye small, closed. Cavity sometimes wide and regular, or acute; Stem long, slender.