American Prisoners of the RevolutionDandridge, Danske
History
American Prisoners of the Revolution
Dandridge, Danske
United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783 -- Prisoners and prisons
Although little mention is made by those prisoners who have left
accounts of their experiences while on board the Jersey, of any aid
received by them from the American government the following passage from
a Connecticut paper would seem to indicate that such aid was tendered
them at least for a time. It is possible that Congress sent some
provisions to the prison-ships for her imprisoned soldiers, or marines,
but made no provision for the crews of privateers.
“New London. September 1st. 1779. D. Stanton testifies that he was taken
June 5th, and put in the Jersey prison ship. An allowance from Congress
was sent on board. About three or four weeks past we were removed on
board the Good Hope, where we found many sick. There is now a hospital
ship provided, to which they are removed and good attention paid.”
The next extract that we will quote probably refers to the escape of
prisoners on the ice referred to above.
“New London. Conn. Feb. 16th. 1780. Fifteen prisoners arrived here who
three weeks ago escaped from the prison-ship in the East River. A number
of others escaped about the same time from the same ship, some of whom
being frost-bitten and unable to endure the cold, were taken up and
carried back, one frozen to death before he reached the shore.”
“_Rivington’s Gazette_, Dec. 19th 1780. George Batterman, who had been
a prisoner on board the prison ship at New York, deposes that he had had
eight ounces of condemned bread per day; and eight ounces of meat. He
was afterwards put on board the Jersey, where were, as was supposed,
1,100 prisoners; recruiting officers came on board and finding that the
American officers persuaded the men not to enlist, removed them, as he
was told, to the Provost. The prisoners were tempted to enlist to free
themselves from confinement, hopeless of exchange. * * * The prisoners
had a pint of water per day:--the sick were not sent to the hospitals
until they were so weak and ill that they often expired before they got
out of the Jersey. The commanding officer said his orders were that if
the ship took fire we should all be turned below, and left to perish in
the flames. By accident the ship took fire in the steward’s room, when
the Hessian guards were ordered to drive the prisoners below, and fire
among them if they resisted or got in the water.”
Talbot in his Memoirs stated that: “When the weather became cool and
dry in the fall and the nights frosty the number of deaths on board the
Jersey was _reduced_ to an average of ten per day! which was _small_
compared with the mortality for three months before. The human bones
and skulls yet bleaching on the shore of Long Island, and exposed by the
falling down of the high bank, on which the prisoners were buried, is a
shocking sight.” (Talbot, page 106.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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