_Color._--Upper parts, in summer, near (14 _n_ to _l_) Brussels
Brown or tones 1 to 3 of Raw Umber of Oberthür and Dauthenay, pl.
301, darker on top of head from nose to line connecting posterior
margins of ears. Chin and upper lips white. Remainder of
underparts Buff-Yellow to Straw Yellow and sometimes
Ochraceous-Buff especially in young, and in some adults from
southern Colorado. In winter, all white, except tip of tail, or
upper parts near (_j_) Snuff Brown or lighter than Brussels Brown
with a smoked effect, and underparts white. Tip of tail at all
times black. Color of underparts extends distally on posterior
sides of forelegs over toes onto antipalmar faces of feet and
wrists, on medial sides of hind legs to ankles, over antiplantar
faces of toes, medial third of tarsus and usually over proximal
tenth to three-fourths of ventral side of tail. Least width of
color of underparts averaging, in a series of twenty males from
the southern half of the Sierra Nevada of California, 59 (37-76)
per cent of greatest width of color of upper parts. In seven males
from southern Colorado corresponding percentages are 55 (37-71).
Black tip of tail in series from Sierra Nevada averaging 50
(40-60) mm. long; thus longer than hind foot and averaging 33-1/3
per cent of length of tail-vertebrae.
_Skull and teeth._--Male (based on 25 adults, from Sierra Nevada
of California): See measurements and plates 19-21; weight, 3.7
(2.9-4.9) grams; basilar length, 43.6 (40.6-46.1); zygomatic
breadth more than distance between condylar foramen and M1 (save
in four instances) and more than distance between anterior
palatine foramen and anterior margin of tympanic bulla (save in
two specimens); mastoid breadth more (80 per cent of specimens) or
less (20 per cent) than postpalatal length; postorbital breadth
less than length of upper premolars and more or less than width of
basioccipital measured from medial margin of one foramen lacerum
posterior to its opposite; interorbital breadth more or less than
distance between foramen opticum and anterior margin of tympanic
bulla; breadth of rostrum less than length of tympanic bulla;
least width of palate less than medial length of P4 (except in two
specimens); anterior margin of tympanic bulla as far posterior to
foramen ovale as width of 3 to 5 upper incisors; height of
tympanic bulla more than distance from its anterior margin to
foramen ovale; length of tympanic bulla more than length of lower
molar and premolar tooth-row and longer or shorter than rostrum;
anterior margin of masseteric fossa not carried farther forward
than point directly below hypoconid of m1.
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