======================================================= | CIRCULATION{1} STATE +--------------- | PER CENT ---------------------------------------+--------------- New York } | New Jersey } | 19.4 Wisconsin | 15.4 Illinois | 12.5 Ohio | 10.9 Nebraska | 7.6 Pennsylvania | 6.9 Missouri | 6.2 Minnesota | 5.8 ---------------------------------------+--------------- Total | 84.7 ======================================================= [note 1: The circulation figures are based upon reports given in Ayer’s _American Newspaper Annual and Directory_ for 1916. The influence of the war emotions and the rising cost of news-print paper, and other factors would make later figures misleading as to the general situation. Where Ayer’s fails to give circulation it is conservatively estimated. New York and New Jersey are combined because the German papers in New York were largely read in the preponderantly German towns along the New Jersey bank of the Hudson River.] It would thus appear that the German-language papers published in these nine states claimed a circulation of nearly 85 per cent of the total circulation of German-language papers in the whole United States. It is obvious, therefore, that in these nine states one would look for the bulk of the unassimilated immigrants of German birth. The census of 1910 sustains this expectation, for of the total of 2,501,333 German-born residents of the United States, 1,737,827, or 69.5 per cent, lived in the nine states. What percentage of the Socialist vote is found in those nine states? We cannot answer this question as to the vote for the candidates of the Socialist-Labor party prior to 1900; but the vote for Socialist candidates subsequent to that gives us illuminating percentages. In the table made up from the _World Almanac_ for 1921 is the vote of the Socialist (or Social-Democratic) party in presidential elections since and including 1900. Note the percentage of that vote cast in the nine states named. TABLE LIII SOCIALIST VOTE FOR PRESIDENTS IN NINE STATES, FROM 1900 TO 1916