Americanization; Civics; Immigrants -- United States; Naturalization -- United States; Noncitizens -- United States
Of vital importance and significance, far beyond what would be
gleaned from a superficial reading of the words, becomes in this
connection what the Commissioner of Naturalization said in his annual
report of July 1, 1912:
The great bulk of the work of the Division [now the Bureau of
Naturalization] consists of the examination of the naturalization
papers filed in or issued out of the courts. It has never been
possible, with the clerical aid supplied, to keep abreast of this
work. Concluding the first year with a large number of papers not
examined, that condition has grown more and more serious.... At the
present time it must be stated that no examination of declarations
of intention has been made since October, 1910, and not more than
30,000 certificates have even been examined. Correction of errors
in the latter papers, [final] certificates of naturalization, are
perhaps less necessary, but the declarations are used as the basis
of petitions for naturalization, and defects in them may result
in the denial of such petitions and a further delay of two years
to the applicants for citizenship. Beginning with October, 1912,
declarations which have not been examined will mature, and these
aggregate 298,000 in number.[73]
That the Bureau of Naturalization is aware of the desperate
importance of this matter to the aliens appears not only in so many
words in the Commissioner’s own utterances, but in legislation
proposed by the Bureau which would tend to remedy it. In the same
report (1912), after describing the strenuous efforts of the clerical
force to catch up in particular cases with the dates of final
hearings, Commissioner Campbell said:
To any easy assumption that errors in a declaration may be
corrected at the hearing of the petition, the answer is
plain--that no change can be made if the declaration was filed, as
it frequently is, in a court other than that in which such hearing
is held. It has also been decided judicially that a declaration,
complete in every respect, cannot be changed because of even
conceded error in its averments. It is therefore important that the
discovery by prompt administrative examination, of a defect, either
in the way of omission or error, be brought to the attention of a
declarant and the clerk of the court in which his declaration is
filed, so that either the paper may be corrected or the declarant
may file a new declaration, and thus save time, expense, and
ultimate disappointment.
All of which has the color of mockery in the light of the fact that
at the date of that report there lay in the files of the Bureau
nearly three hundred thousand unexamined declarations, all of which
would mature within the ensuing three months!
The legislative proposals to remedy conditions so far as inadvertent
errors in the declaration are concerned, include, for instance,
a proposed amendment[74] to Section 4 of the Naturalization Law,
providing that
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