An Account of the Abipones, an Equestrian People of Paraguay, (1 of 3)Dobrizhoffer, Martin
History
An Account of the Abipones, an Equestrian People of Paraguay, (1 of 3)
Dobrizhoffer, Martin
Abipon Indians; Jesuits -- Missions; Paraguay -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800
The dentudo abounds every where, and would be extremely palatable, were
it not for the thorns with which it is covered. It scarcely ever weighs
so much as a pound. I have caught and eaten numbers of them, but have
lost many hooks in the process, for they gnawed the line to pieces with
their sharp teeth.
THE RAYA.
The raya is a fish of such singular appearance, that it can hardly be
reckoned amongst fishes. Its form resembles that of an oval dish with a
flat surface. Its back is black, and its belly white. In the middle of
its body is placed a narrow mouth or cheek. It has a smooth, slender,
but very long tail, denticulated like a saw, and armed at the end with a
poisonous sting, with which, whilst lurking under the sand on the shore,
it grievously wounds the naked feet of the sailors walking about there,
whenever it has an opportunity. The wound presently swells, gets
inflamed, and unless hot ashes be immediately applied to it, causes
death. It is a curious fact, that the Abipones use this envenomed sting
as a pen-knife to open a vein. The flesh of the raya may be eaten; but
it is generally thought that hunger alone could render it palatable,
though I must say, that, well fried, it was not unpleasant to my taste.
The size and form of these fish vary in various kinds; (for there are
many species of them). They appear to be viviparous, for embryos are
frequently found in their insides.
THE PALOMETA.
The palometa is more formidable to swimmers than any crocodile; for its
jaws, each of which is furnished with fourteen very sharp, triangular
teeth, like so many spears, are its armoury, with which it attacks any
part of the human body, and cuts it off at one blow. I myself have seen
a strong Abipon with the sole of his foot severely wounded by this fish,
and an Abiponian boy with four of his toes cut off by it and hanging
only from a bit of skin. To prove the credibility of the fact, I must
tell you that the Abiponian women use the jaw of the palometa to shear
sheep with. The Abipones also, before they were in possession of iron,
used it to cut off the heads of the Spaniards. This fish is found every
where in great abundance, but is smaller in the smaller rivers, where it
scarce weighs half a pound, while in the larger ones it grows to the
size of two or more pounds; but its length never corresponds to its
breadth. It has a curved back, thick head, wide mouth, small round eyes,
and a broad forked tail. Besides the formidable jaw which I have
described, it threatens all assailants with large, long gills, and seven
sharp fins, the largest of which is situated in the middle of the back,
and runs towards the tail. The body is covered with faint grey spots,
interspersed with red, blue, and yellow. The flesh is firm, white, and
very savoury; I wish that it were not so full of bones. When the hook is
extracted, these fish must be handled with caution, otherwise they will
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