An Account of the Diseases which were most frequent in the British military hospitals in GermanyMonro, Donald
History
An Account of the Diseases which were most frequent in the British military hospitals in Germany
Monro, Donald
Medicine, Military; Military hospitals; Military hygiene; Seven Years' War, 1756-1763 -- Medical care
The Cure of this Disorder requires--living in a dry comfortable
Place--good Cloathing--light Food of easy Digestion, such as good
Bread, Panado, Milk, Whey, Broths made of fresh Meats--white Meats,
with Greens, or other Vegetable, &c.--the Use of Liquors of the acid
or acescent Kind, or the moderate Use of Beer, Cyder, good Wine, or
weak Punch[107]--And, by Way of Medicine, gentle Purges, mild
Diaphoretics; the free Use of acid or acescent Fruits, Lemons,
Oranges, Apples, Pears, Currans, Grapes, &c. and of the antiscorbutic
Plants and their Juices, as Succory, Endive, Water-Cresses,
Scurvy-Grass[108], &c. on which a great Part of the Cure principally
depends; and the Use of some of the strengthening Bitters[109], of
which the Bark is not the least efficacious.
[107] The free Use of raw Spirits is found to be very
prejudicial; but a moderate Quantity of these Spirits,
diluted with Water, and acidulated with Lemons or Oranges (or
with Cream of Tartar, or Tamarinds, when the former cannot be
got), and made into Punch, is found to be a good
Antiscorbutic.
[108] Most ripe Fruits, particularly Lemons and Oranges, and
esculent Herbs, and many Kinds of Roots, such as
Horse-Radish, Onions, Leeks, and many others, have been found
the most useful Remedies in the Cure of the Scurvy.
Decoctions and Infusions of Fir-Tops, of Spruce, and of other
Species of the Pine-Tree; and Beer made of these Infusions,
by fermenting them with Molasses, are approved
Antiscorbutics: and when such Remedies cannot be got,
Infusions of the common Bitters, and weak Punch, made with
Tamarinds or Cream of Tartar, have proved serviceable; and
where these Acids cannot be had, the Mineral Acids may be
used for acidulating the Drink. However, it ought always to
be remembered, that fresh Vegetables and Fruits, and
vegetable Acids, produce much better Effects in the Scurvy,
than any other Sorts of Remedies; and ought always to be
used, when they can be got.
[109] Most of the common Bitters have been strongly
recommended in this Disorder, Gentian, Trifoil, Wormwood,
&c.--as likewise aromatic Bitters and Aromatics; such as
_calamus aromaticus_, Carvi Seeds, Winters Bark, Cinnamon,
and many others.
Bleeding is seldom requisite, except where there is much Heat or
Fever; or a sharp Pain of the Side, or Difficulty of Breathing, or
some Symptom of the like Kind; it is then sometimes necessary to take
away some Blood: And in obstinate Cases, it is often found of Use to
promote Sweats, by making the Patient, while in Bed, drink freely of
warm Whey, or Sack Whey, mixed with the scorbutic Juices; or warm
Barley Water, or the like, mixed with a small Quantity of the
Antimonial Wine, or some other mild Diaphoretic.
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