An Egyptian oasis : $b An account of the oasis of Kharga in the Libyan desert, with special reference to its history, physical geography, and water-supplyBeadnell, H. J. L. (Hugh John Llewellyn)
History
An Egyptian oasis : $b An account of the oasis of Kharga in the Libyan desert, with special reference to its history, physical geography, and water-supply
Although I had vowed at the time that nothing would induce me to
again enter the place, I afterwards reflected that, not having
followed the tunnel to its extreme limits, there might still be
further information to be gained, and at the termination there
might exist an inscription, the deciphering of which would yield
the much-desired information as to when and by whom the work had
been carried out. Moreover, I particularly wished to ascertain
whether the bulk of the water came from one particular point or
whether it represented the accumulated flow from the numerous small
fissures which a tunnel of such length must necessarily traverse. I
therefore took the first opportunity of revisiting the place, this
time providing myself with proper gear to facilitate the descent,
and with instruments to make a thorough survey of the whole network
of underground waterways.
The accompanying sketch-map, reduced from the detailed plan made
during my last visit, shows that there are four main aqueducts,
running nearly parallel, in a north and south direction, along the
sides of three separate valleys. It is, of course, quite evident
that the tunnels were run under the valleys rather than beneath the
intervening ridges with the express object of keeping as near the
surface as possible, so as to avoid unnecessary excavation in the
sinking of the vertical shafts, and to reduce the labour involved in
hoisting the excavated material to the surface. The engineers were
at the same time careful to avoid the actual beds of the valleys,
as there the soft nature of the ground would have necessitated a
considerable amount of stone pitching, without which there would have
been constant falls of the loose detritus, consisting of sand and
pebbles with large blocks of limestone, forming the actual floors
of the valleys. Alignments were chosen along the extreme margins,
the mouths of the man-holes being commenced on the sloping sides of
the valleys, a metre or two above their pebbly floors. The great
majority were thus excavated throughout in solid rock, the latter
being, as a rule, sufficiently firm to stand without timbering or
masonry supports.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account