Fungi exhibit no separation of root, stem, or leaves, as exists in the higher plants; nor do they contain chlorophyll, the presence of which is so generally associated with the idea of a plant. But they consist of aggregations of mostly elongate cells, forming branched and interlacing colourless fibres, buried like roots in the substance (matrix) upon which they grow, and from which they derive their nourishment; this portion of the Fungus is called the _mycélium_ (μὑκης, a fungus). The portion of the Fungus projecting beyond the surface of the matrix is the fructification; and this is the part usually called the fungus, the mycelium being overlooked by a casual observer. So that here we have a character distinguishing the Fungi from the Lichens, which derive their nourishment from the air, and not from the matrix. The absence of the green cells, or gonidia, forms another character by which the nearly allied members of this class of plants can be distinguished. PLATE VII. [PAGE 96.] FUNGI. Fig. 1. _Agaricus micaceus_: _a_, gills. 2. _Agaricus campestris_: _a_, spores; _b_, basidia. 3. _Physarum album_, on a piece of stick. 4. _Physarum album_, spores. 5. _Uredo segetum_, spores. 6. _Uredo caries_, spores. 7. _Uredo candida_, on leaf of Shepherd’s Purse (_Capsella_): _s_, spores. 8. _Æcidium grossulariæ_, sorus. 9. _Æcidium grossulariæ_: _p_, spore-capsules (peridia); _s_, anther-capsules (spermogonia). 10. _Nemaspora crocea_: _a_, spores. 11. _Torula casei._ 12. _Torula herbarum_, on a piece of stick. 13. _Torula herbarum_, spores. 14. _Phragmidium bulbosum_, on bramble-leaf. 15. _Phragmidium bulbosum_, stylo-spores and paraphyses. 16. _Puccinia graminis_, on a piece of straw. 17. _Puccinia graminis_, spores. 18. _Sporocybe alternata_, filament and spores. 19. _Botrytis parasitica_, on Shepherd’s Purse. 20. _Botrytis parasitica_, spores and filaments. 21. _Rhinotrichum_, species of. 22. _Rhinotrichum_, heads of spores. 23. _Rhinotrichum_, spores detached. 24. _Rhinotrichum_, spores. 25. _Penicillium glaucum._ 26. _Penicillium glaucum_, head of spores. 27. _Coremium leucopus._ 28. _Tubercularia vulgaris._ 29. _Tubercularia vulgaris_, divided receptacle. 30. _Tubercularia vulgaris_, filaments. 31. _Tubercularia vulgaris_, spores. 32. _Sphæria fragiformis._ 33. _Trichothecium roseum_, on a piece of stick. 34. _Trichothecium roseum._ 35. _Trichothecium roseum_, filaments and spores. [Illustration: Plate VII. W Bagg sculp _London: John Van Voorst._]