implies, is quite impossible; likewise, that pyæmia is inseparable from thrombotic processes. [Illustration: 0277] Virchow was born in Pomerania in 1821, and in 1849, he distinguished himself by attaining the highest grade in the career of the learned,--a professorship, which he first held in Würzburg. During earlier years his residence and labors were largely the result of necessities arising from political views, for on account of these he was long denied a residence in Berlin. A personal friend, now old, once an _interne_ in the great Julius Spital, in Würzburg, at the time{258} when Virchow taught there, tells me a light was burning every night in Virchow's room until 3 a.m., and yet the professor was always out at work by 7. It was by such intense application that he arrived at his present position at the very top of the professional ladder; but very few men have the physique and constitution to stand such arduous study. In 1856 he assumed the chair of Pathological Anatomy in Berlin, and introduced microscopical anatomy, to which Rokitansky had not given sufficient attention. Virchow was a former pupil of Johannes Muller, famous as a physiologist and pathologist, and his views to-day are often tinged by the doctrines acquired from this great teacher. He is also a great admirer of Harvey, whose picture, at least for a long time, was the only one permitted to hang in his study. His first edition of _Cellular Pathology_ appeared in 1858; the colossal work on _Tumors_ in 1866, in which he carried out the division of morbid growths originally adopted by Johannes Müller in 1838, classifying them according to their microscopical elements. He is also scarcely more celebrated for his teachings and labors than for the number of famous pupils brought up under his influence, among whom may be mentioned Leyden, Recklinghausen, Cohnheim, Waldeyer, Kuhne, and Rindfieisch. As a result of his labors has arisen in Germany what has been called the "Medical School of Natural Sciences," that seeks, by means of pathological anatomy and microscopy, experimental physiology and pathology, and the other applied methods, to make of medicine an exact science; and to it belong such men as Zienissen, Gerhardt, Notlniagel, Liebermeis-ter, Senator, Erb, Vogel, and others. An offshoot from this is the so-called "Munich Clinical School," to which belong von Buhl, Pettonkofer, Seitz, and Oertel. The splitting up of medicine into specialties, and the increase of its subordinate branches into schools.--so called,--resulted in great danger to the unity of medical science. A return{259} to the methods which combine science and practice--the so-called clinical-practical method--is again sought by men who have established the well-known _Zeitschrift fur Klinische Medicin_, under the management of Frerichs and Leyden,--a journal which has already done a great deal of good.