An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2Locke, John
Philosophy
An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2
Locke, John
Knowledge, Theory of -- Early works to 1800
Hence I think we may learn the reason why every one familiarly and
without the least hesitation speaks of and supposes Eternity, and
sticks not to ascribe INFINITY to DURATION; but it is with more
doubting and reserve that many admit or suppose the INFINITY OF SPACE.
The reason whereof seems to me to be this,—That duration and extension
being used as names of affections belonging to other beings, we easily
conceive in God infinite duration, and we cannot avoid doing so: but,
not attributing to him extension, but only to matter, which is finite,
we are apter to doubt of the existence of expansion without matter; of
which alone we commonly suppose it an attribute. And, therefore, when
men pursue their thoughts of space, they are apt to stop at the
confines of body: as if space were there at an end too, and reached no
further. Or if their ideas, upon consideration, carry them further, yet
they term what is beyond the limits of the universe, imaginary space:
as if IT were nothing, because there is no body existing in it. Whereas
duration, antecedent to all body, and to the motions which it is
measured by, they never term imaginary: because it is never supposed
void of some other real existence. And if the names of things may at
all direct our thoughts towards the original of men’s ideas, (as I am
apt to think they may very much,) one may have occasion to think by the
name DURATION, that the continuation of existence, with a kind of
resistance to any destructive force, and the continuation of solidity
(which is apt to be confounded with, and if we will look into the
minute anatomical parts of matter, is little different from, hardness)
were thought to have some analogy, and gave occasion to words so near
of kin as durare and durum esse. And that durare is applied to the idea
of hardness, as well as that of existence, we see in Horace, Epod. xvi.
ferro duravit secula. But, be that as it will, this is certain, that
whoever pursues his own thoughts, will find them sometimes launch out
beyond the extent of body, into the infinity of space or expansion; the
idea whereof is distinct and separate from body and all other things:
which may, (to those who please,) be a subject of further meditation.
5. Time to Duration is as Place to Expansion.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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