An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2Locke, John
Philosophy
An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2
Locke, John
Knowledge, Theory of -- Early works to 1800
Another reason why it is uneasiness alone determines the will, is this:
because that alone is present and, it is against the nature of things,
that what is absent should operate where it is not. It may be said that
absent good may, by contemplation, be brought home to the mind and made
present. The idea of it indeed may be in the mind and viewed as present
there; but nothing will be in the mind as a present good, able to
counterbalance the removal of any uneasiness which we are under, till
it raises our desire; and the uneasiness of that has the prevalency in
determining the will. Till then, the idea in the mind of whatever is
good is there only, like other ideas, the object of bare unactive
speculation; but operates not on the will, nor sets us on work; the
reason whereof I shall show by and by. How many are to be found that
have had lively representations set before their minds of the
unspeakable joys of heaven, which they acknowledge both possible and
probable too, who yet would be content to take up with their happiness
here? And so the prevailing uneasiness of their desires, let loose
after the enjoyments of this life, take their turns in the determining
their wills; and all that while they take not one step, are not one jot
moved, towards the good things of another life, considered as ever so
great.
38. Because all who allow the Joys of Heaven possible, pursue them not.
Were the will determined by the views of good, as it appears in
contemplation greater or less to the understanding, which is the state
of all absent good, and that which, in the received opinion, the will
is supposed to move to, and to be moved by,—I do not see how it could
ever get loose from the infinite eternal joys of heaven, once proposed
and considered as possible. For, all absent good, by which alone,
barely proposed, and coming in view, the will is thought to be
determined, and so to set us on action, being only possible, but not
infallibly certain, it is unavoidable that the infinitely greater
possible good should regularly and constantly determine the will in all
the successive actions it directs; and then we should keep constantly
and steadily in our course towards heaven, without ever standing still,
or directing our actions to any other end: the eternal condition of a
future state infinitely outweighing the expectation of riches, or
honour, or any other worldly pleasure which we can propose to
ourselves, though we should grant these the more probable to be
obtained: for nothing future is yet in possession, and so the
expectation even of these may deceive us. If it were so that the
greater good in view determines the will, so great a good, once
proposed, could not but seize the will, and hold it fast to the pursuit
of this infinitely greatest good, without ever letting it go again: for
the will having a power over, and directing the thoughts, as well as
other actions, would, if it were so, hold the contemplation of the mind
fixed to that good.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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