An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2Locke, John
Philosophy
An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2
Locke, John
Knowledge, Theory of -- Early works to 1800
This argument, if it be of any force, will prove much more than those
who use it in this case expect from it. For, if we may conclude that
God hath done for men all that men shall judge is best for them,
because it is suitable to his goodness so to do, it will prove, not
only that God has imprinted on the minds of men an idea of himself, but
that he hath plainly stamped there, in fair characters, all that men
ought to know or believe of him; all that they ought to do in obedience
to his will; and that he hath given them a will and affections
conformable to it. This, no doubt, every one will think better for men,
than that they should, in the dark, grope after knowledge, as St. Paul
tells us all nations did after God (Acts xvii. 27); than that their
wills should clash with their understandings, and their appetites cross
their duty. The Romanists say it is best for men, and so suitable to
the goodness of God, that there should be an infallible judge of
controversies on earth; and therefore there is one. And I, by the same
reason, say it is better for men that every man himself should be
infallible. I leave them to consider, whether, by the force of this
argument, they shall think that every man IS so. I think it a very good
argument to say,—the infinitely wise God hath made it so; and therefore
it is best. But it seems to me a little too much confidence of our own
wisdom to say,—‘I think it best; and therefore God hath made it so.’
And in the matter in hand, it will be in vain to argue from such a
topic, that God hath done so, when certain experience shows us that he
hath not. But the goodness of God hath not been wanting to men, without
such original impressions of knowledge or ideas stamped on the mind;
since he hath furnished man with those faculties which will serve for
the sufficient discovery of all things requisite to the end of such a
being; and I doubt not but to show, that a man, by the right use of his
natural abilities, may, without any innate principles, attain a
knowledge of a God, and other things that concern him. God having
endued man with those faculties of knowledge which he hath, was no more
obliged by his goodness to plant those innate notions in his mind, than
that, having given him reason, hands, and materials, he should build
him bridges or houses,—which some people in the world, however of good
parts, do either totally want, or are but ill provided of, as well as
others are wholly without ideas of God and principles of morality, or
at least have but very ill ones; the reason in both cases being, that
they never employed their parts, faculties, and powers industriously
that way, but contented themselves with the opinions, fashions, and
things of their country, as they found them, without looking any
further. Had you or I been born at the Bay of Soldania, possibly our
thoughts and notions had not exceeded those brutish ones of the
Hottentots that inhabit there. And had the Virginia king Apochancana
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