An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2Locke, John
Philosophy
An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2
Locke, John
Knowledge, Theory of -- Early works to 1800
23. Difference of Men’s Discoveries depends upon the different
Application of their Faculties.
To conclude: some ideas forwardly offer themselves to all men’s
understanding; and some sorts of truths result from any ideas, as soon
as the mind puts them into propositions: other truths require a train
of ideas placed in order, a due comparing of them, and deductions made
with attention, before they can be discovered and assented to. Some of
the first sort, because of their general and easy reception, have been
mistaken for innate: but the truth is, ideas and notions are no more
born with us than arts and sciences; though some of them indeed offer
themselves to our faculties more readily than others; and therefore are
more generally received: though that too be according as the organs of
our bodies and powers of our minds happen to be employed; God having
fitted men with faculties and means to discover, receive, and retain
truths, according as they are employed. The great difference that is to
be found in the notions of mankind is, from the different use they put
their faculties to. Whilst some (and those the most) taking things upon
trust, misemploy their power of assent, by lazily enslaving their minds
to the dictates and dominion of others, in doctrines which it is their
duty carefully to examine, and not blindly, with an implicit faith, to
swallow; others, employing their thoughts only about some few things,
grow acquainted sufficiently with them, attain great degrees of
knowledge in them, and are ignorant of all other, having never let
their thoughts loose in the search of other inquiries. Thus, that the
three angles of a triangle are quite equal to two right ones is a truth
as certain as anything can be, and I think more evident than many of
those propositions that go for principles; and yet there are millions,
however expert in other things, who know not this at all, because they
never set their thoughts on work about such angles. And he that
certainly knows this proposition may yet be utterly ignorant of the
truth of other propositions, in mathematics itself, which are as clear
and evident as this; because, in his search of those mathematical
truths, he stopped his thoughts short and went not so far. The same may
happen concerning the notions we have of the being of a Deity. For,
though there be no truth which a man may more evidently make out to
himself than the existence of a God, yet he that shall content himself
with things as he finds them in this world, as they minister to his
pleasures and passions, and not make inquiry a little further into
their causes, ends, and admirable contrivances, and pursue the thoughts
thereof with diligence and attention, may live long without any notion
of such a Being. And if any person hath by talk put such a notion into
his head, he may perhaps believe it; but if he hath never examined it,
his knowledge of it will be no perfecter than his, who having been
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