An Essay on the Encroachments of the German Ocean Along the Norfolk Coast: With a Design to Arrest Its Further DepredationsHewitt, William
History
An Essay on the Encroachments of the German Ocean Along the Norfolk Coast: With a Design to Arrest Its Further Depredations
Hewitt, William
Norfolk (England) -- Description and travel; North Sea; Tides -- England -- Norfolk
Wells next the sea is situated five miles north by west of Walsingham,
and 32 miles north-west of Norwich. It possesses a tolerably good
harbour and several neat buildings, but its streets are very irregular.
The church, dedicated to St. Nicholas, is a neat edifice, with a square
tower. On July 15th, 1817, a gale of wind from the north produced so
high a tide, that the marshes near Wells became inundated.
WINTERTON.
Winterton is an ancient village, annexed to Horsey on the south, and
within eight miles north by west of Yarmouth. It is sheltered on the
north-east by a bold promontory called Winterton-Ness, and well known to
the mariner as the most fatal headland between Scotland and London. The
church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity and All Saints, possesses a fine
tower, 118 feet in height, which commands an extensive view of the ocean.
On the 27th of December, 1665, a tremendous high tide caused such
alarming breaches in the sand hills at Winterton, Horsey, and Waxham, as
to threaten destruction to all the valuable marsh land from thence to
Yarmouth, Beccles, &c.
YARMOUTH,
Frequently termed Great Yarmouth, is the principal sea-port town in
Norfolk, and 123 miles distant N.E. of London. It stands on the east
bank of the river Yare (from whence it takes its name), at its confluence
with the Bure, about two miles from the mouth of the haven, which is very
extensive and commodious.—From the appearance of the country, and an
ancient chart, supposed to have been drawn about A.D. 1000, it is evident
that a broad and extensive estuary divided this part of the eastern
coast, not only in the time of its most ancient inhabitants, but for a
long period after the Saxon Conquest, extending its waters westward to
the city of Norwich, northward to Caistor, Reedham, Herringby, and
Strumpshaw, and southward to Gorleston, Burgh, Bungay, Harleston, and
Haddiscoe. This large arm of the ocean forming the grand receptacle of
all the eastern waters of Norfolk (as it still continues under the
circumscribed form of the Yare), began to disappear after the fifth
century, when the sand collecting at its entrance, was, by the action of
the waters, gradually formed into an island, which ultimately extended
itself to the main land, and became the peninsula on which Yarmouth is
founded. Several successive disappointments, and an immense outlay of
capital in endeavouring to erect substantial havens for the guidance of
the river waters into the sea, had been experienced, and at length
finally accomplished by the erection of those beautiful piers and noble
jetty. In 1528 the work was commenced, and on the 2nd day of March,
1559, men, women, and children, to the number of one thousand, were
employed, and succeeded, in the short space of two days, in causing the
water to issue forth into the sea, leaving a depth of ten feet at ebb
tide. In 1567, the water forced a passage down the old channel, towards
the village of Corton.
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