Section III. _Of the Effects of Prosperity and Adversity upon the Judgment of Mankind with regard to the Propriety of Action; and why it is more easy to obtain their approbation in the one state than in the other_. Chap. I. That though our sympathy with sorrow is generally a more lively sensation than our sympathy with toy, it commonly falls much more short of the violence of what is naturally felt by the person principally concerned. Chap. II. Of the origin of Ambition, and of the distinction of Ranks. Chap. III. Of the corruption of our Moral Sentiments, which is occasioned by this disposition to admire the rich and the great, and to despise or neglect persons of poor and mean condition. PART II. _Of Merit and Demerit; or of the objects of reward and punishment_. Section I. _Of the Sense of Merit and Demerit_. Introduction. Chap. I. That whatever appears to be the proper object of gratitude, appears to deserve reward; and that, in the same manner, whatever appears to be the proper object of resentment, appears to deserve punishment. Chap. II. Of the proper objects of gratitude and resentment. Chap. III. That where there is no approbation of the conduct of the person who confers the benefit, there is little sympathy with the gratitude of him who receives it: and that on the contrary, where there is no disapprobation of the motives of the person who does the mischief, there is no sort of sympathy with the resentment of him who suffers it. Chap. IV. Recapitulation of the foregoing chapters. Chap. V. The Analysis of the sense of Merit and Demerit. SECTION II. _Of Justice and Beneficence._ Chap. I. Comparison of those two virtues. Chap. II. Of the sense of Justice, of Remorse, and of the consciousness of Merit. Chap. III. Of the utility of this constitution of Nature. SECTION III. _Of the Influence of Fortune upon the Sentiments of Mankind, with regard to the Merit or Demerit of Actions._ Introduction. Chap. I. Of the causes of this influence of Fortune. Chap. II. Of the extent of this influence of Fortune. Chap. III. Of the final cause of this irregularity of Sentiments. PART III. _Of the Foundation our Judgments concerning our own sentiments and conduct, and of the sense of Duty._ Chap. I. Of the principle of Self-approbation and of Self-disapprobation. Chap. II. Of the love of Praise, and of that of Praise-worthiness; and of the dread of Blame, and that of Blame-worthiness. Chap. III. Of the Influence and Authority of Conscience. Chap. IV. Of the nature of Self-deceit, and of the Origin and Use of general Rules. Chap. V. Of the Influence and Authority of the general Rules of Morality, and that they are justly regarded as the laws of the Deity. Chap. VI. In what cases the Sense of Duty ought to be the sole principle of our conduct; and in what cases it ought to concur with other motives. PART IV. _Of the Effect of Utility upon the Sentiment of Approbation._