The Mirror says: "The point which forbiddeth that no bailiff put a freeman to his oath without suit, is to be understood in this manner, that no justice, no minister of the king, nor other steward, nor bailiff, have power to make a freeman make oath, (of self-exculpation,) without the king's command, [3] nor receive any plaint, without witnesses present who testify the plaint to be true." Mirror of Justices, ch. 5, sec. 2, p. 257. Coke quotes this commentary, (in the original French,) and then endorses it in these words: "By this it appeareth, that under this word balivus, in this act, is comprehended every justice, minister of the king, steward, and bailiff." 2 Inst., 44. Coke also, in his commentary upon this very chapter of Magna Carta, that provides that "no sheriff; constable; coroner, or other our bailiffs, shall hold pleas of our crown," expresses the opinion that it "is a general law," (that is, applicable to all officers of the king,) " by reason of the words vel alii balivi nostri, (or other our bailiffs,) under which words are comprehended all judges or justices of any courts of justice. "And he cites a decision in the king's bench, in the 17th year of Edward I., (1289,) as authority; which decision he calls "a notable and leading judgment." 2 Inst., 30 1. And yet Coke, in flat contradiction of this decision, which he quotes with such emphasis and approbation, and in flat contradiction also of the definition he repeatedly gives of the word balivus showing that it embraced all ministers of the king whatsoever, whether high or low, judicial or executive, fabricates an entirely gratuitous interpretation of this chapter of Magna Carta, and pretends that after all it only required that felonies should he tried before the king's justices, on account of their superior Iearning; and that it permitted all lesser offenses to be tried before inferior officers, (meaning of course the king's inferior officers.) 2 Inst., 30.