"All those who are not forbidden by law may be judges (jurors). To
women it is forbidden by law that they be judges; and thence it is,
that feme coverts are exempted to do suit in inferior courts. On the
other part, a villein cannot be a judge, by reason of the two
estates, which are repugnants; persons attainted of false judgments
cannot be judges, nor infants, nor any under the age of twenty-one
years, nor infected persons, nor idiots, nor madmen, nor deaf, nor
dumb, nor parties in the pleas, nor men excommunicated by the bishop,
nor criminal persons. * * And those who are not of the Christian
faith cannot be judges, nor those who are out of the king's
allegiance."--_Mirror of Justices_, 59-60.
In the section "_Of Inferior Courts_," it is said:
"From the first assemblies came consistories, which we now call
courts, and that in divers places, and in divers manners; whereof the
sheriffs held one monthly, or every five weeks, according to the
greatness or largeness of the shires. And these courts are called
county courts, _where the judgment is by the suitors_, if there be no
writ, and is by warrant of jurisdiction ordinary. The other inferior
courts are the courts of every lord of the fee, to the likeness of
the hundred courts. * * There are other inferior courts which the
bailiffs hold in every hundred, from three weeks to three weeks, _by
the suitors of the freeholders of the hundred. All the tenants within
the fees are bounden to do their suit there_, and that not for the
service of their persons, but for the service of their fees. But
women, infants within the age of twenty-one years, deaf, dumb,
idiots, those who are indicted or appealed of mortal felony, before
they be acquitted, diseased persons, and excommunicated persons are
exempted from doing suit."--_Mirror of Justices_, 50-51.
In the section "_Of the Sheriff's Turns_," it is said:
"The sheriffs by ancient ordinances hold several meetings twice in
the year in every hundred; _where all the freeholders within the
hundred_ are bound to appear for the service of their fees."--_Mirror
of Justices_, 50.
The following statute was passed by Edward I., seventy years after Magna
Carta:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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