An Examination of the Testimony of the Four Evangelists, by the Rules of Evidence Administered in Courts of Justice: With an Account of the Trial of JesusGreenleaf, Simon
Religion
An Examination of the Testimony of the Four Evangelists, by the Rules of Evidence Administered in Courts of Justice: With an Account of the Trial of Jesus
Greenleaf, Simon
Apologetics; Authority -- Religious aspects; Bible. Gospels -- Evidences, authority, etc.; Jesus Christ -- Trial
to admit, from the uniformity of their concurrence, in such a multitude of
instances, as well as from the universal conviction of all, whether
friends or foes, who beheld the miracles which he wrought. Indeed, if the
truth of one of the miracles is satisfactorily established, our belief
cannot reasonably be withheld from them all. This is the issue proposed by
Dr. Paley, in regard to the evidence of the death of Jesus upon the cross,
and his subsequent resurrection, the truth of which he has established in
an argument, incapable of refutation.
§ 39. In the _fifth_ place, as to _the coincidence of their testimony with
collateral and contemporaneous facts and circumstances_. After a witness
is dead, and his moral character is forgotten, we can ascertain it only by
a close inspection of his narrative, comparing its details with each
other, and with contemporary accounts and collateral facts. This test is
much more accurate than may at first be supposed. Every event which
actually transpires, has its appropriate relation and place in the vast
complication of circumstances, of which the affairs of men consist; it
owes its origin to the events which have preceded it, is intimately
connected with all others which occur at the same time and place, and
often with those of remote regions, and in its turn gives birth to
numberless others which succeed. In all this almost inconceivable
contexture, and seeming discord, there is perfect harmony; and while the
fact, which really happened, tallies exactly with every other
contemporaneous incident, related to it in the remotest degree, it is not
possible for the wit of man to invent a story, which, if closely compared
with the actual occurrences of the same time and place, may not be shown
to be false.(63) Hence it is, that a false witness will not willingly
detail any circumstances, in which his testimony will be open to
contradiction, nor multiply them where there is danger of his being
detected by a comparison of them with other accounts, equally
circumstantial. He will rather deal in general statements and broad
assertions, and if he finds it necessary for his purpose to employ names
and particular circumstances in his story, he will endeavor to invent such
as shall be out of the reach of all opposing proof; and will be the most
forward and minute in details, where he knows that any danger of
contradiction is least to be apprehended.(64) Therefore it is, that
variety and minuteness of detail are usually regarded as certain tests of
sincerity, if the story, in the circumstances related, is of a nature
capable of easy refutation if it were false.
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