An Inquiry into the Principles of Political Oeconomy (Vol. 2 of 2): Being an essay on the science of domestic policy in free nations. In which are particularly considered population, agriculture, trade, industry, money, coin, interest, circulation, banks, exchange, public credit, and taxesSteuart, James, Sir
General
An Inquiry into the Principles of Political Oeconomy (Vol. 2 of 2): Being an essay on the science of domestic policy in free nations. In which are particularly considered population, agriculture, trade, industry, money, coin, interest, circulation, banks, exchange, public credit, and taxes
Steuart, James, Sir
Economics
Political writers upon the affairs of France at this period, such as De
Melon, Savarie, Dutot, and others, abundantly certify the incredible
advantage produced by the operations of Mr. Law’s bank; and the chain of
events which followed, in the years 1719, and 1720, when it was in the
King’s hands, shew to what a prodigious height credit arose upon the
firm foundation laid by Mr. Law[16].
Footnote 16:
Dutot, speaking of the great value of paper in notes and actions,
throws out several reflections, in the passage I am now to transcribe
from him, which, at the same time that they prove the great advantages
resulting to France from the establishment of credit among them,
abundantly evince how lame this author’s ideas were concerning the
principles of paper credit, and of circulation. He says, (vol. ii. p.
200.) “_This paper_ was indeed just so much real value, which credit
and confidence had created, in favour of the state: and by this sum
was circulation augmented, independently of all the coin which was
then in France.”
"Upon this revolution, Plenty immediately displayed herself through
all the towns, and all the country. She there relieved our citizens
and labourers from the oppression of debts, which indigence had
obliged them to contract: she revived industry: she restored that
value to every fund, which had been suspended by those debts: she
enabled the King to liberate himself, and to make over to his
subjects, for more than fifty-two millions of taxes, which had been
imposed in the years preceeding 1719; and for more than thirty-five
millions of other duties, extinguished during the regency. This plenty
sunk the rate of interest; crushed the usurer; carried the value of
lands to eighty and a hundred years purchase; raised up stately
edifices both in town and country; repaired the old, which were
falling to ruin; improved the soil; gave a value to every fruit
produced by the earth, which before that time had none at all. Plenty
recalled those citizens, whom misery had forced to seek their
livelihood abroad. In a word, riches flowed in from every quarter.
Gold, silver, precious stones, ornaments of all kinds, which
contribute to luxury and magnificence, came to us from every country
in Europe. Whether these prodigies, or marvellous effects, were
produced by art, by confidence, by fear, or by whim if you please, one
must agree, that that art, that confidence, that fear, or that whim,
had operated all these _realities_ which the antient administration
never could have produced.
"What a difference in the situation of France at the beginning of the
regency, and the situation in which she was in November 1719!
“Thus far the system had produced nothing but good: every thing was
commendable, and worthy of admiration.” These are the sentiments of
Dutot, concerning this system of paper credit.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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