An Inquiry into the Principles of Political Oeconomy (Vol. 2 of 2): Being an essay on the science of domestic policy in free nations. In which are particularly considered population, agriculture, trade, industry, money, coin, interest, circulation, banks, exchange, public credit, and taxesSteuart, James, Sir
General
An Inquiry into the Principles of Political Oeconomy (Vol. 2 of 2): Being an essay on the science of domestic policy in free nations. In which are particularly considered population, agriculture, trade, industry, money, coin, interest, circulation, banks, exchange, public credit, and taxes
Steuart, James, Sir
Economics
The proprietors carry them to the bank in sacs composed of a determinate
number of pieces, and the sac must be of a determinate weight, according
to the regulations of the bank, from time to time; for which the bank
writes off credit in bank, at certain rates, according to the coin
lodged, to the account of the proprietor.
But as this coin is received, upon condition that it may be drawn out
again, so soon as the depositor shall demand it; instead of writing off
the _whole value_ upon the books of the bank, they only write off a
_certain part_, (suppose 90 _per cent._) and for the remaining 10 _per
cent._ they deliver what they call a _recipisse_, which is an obligation
by the bank to re-deliver, upon demand, the individual sacs, sealed with
the seals of the bank and of the depositor. This _recipisse_ is
transferable at the will of the person to whom it is delivered. Farther,
He who has put his coin so in deposit, becomes bound to pay to the bank
½, ¼, or ⅛_per cent._ every six months, according to the coin: that is,
upon gold ½ _per cent._ on pieces of eight and rix-dollars ¼; on
ducatoons ⅛ _per cent._ and in case he neglects so to do, then the coin
becomes consolidated with the treasure of the bank, and can no more be
drawn out, in virtue of the _recipisse_.
This being performed, the depositor may transfer, at will, all the 90
_per cent._ of his credit, in the course of his business; and so soon as
the _value of coin_ rises in the market, he must fill up his credit in
bank to the full value of the 90 _per cent._ and then presenting his
_recipisse_, he receives back his own individual coin, sealed with his
own seal, as when at first delivered.
If he finds that it is either inconvenient for him to fill up his
credit, or that he has no occasion for his coin, upon the rise in its
value, he may then sell his _recipisse_ to another, who has credit in
bank equal to the value of the deposit; and he, in virtue of the
_recipisse_ transferred to him, withdraws the coin, as the person might
have done who put it in deposit.
The _recipisse_ itself, which is what gives a right to the coin to any
one who is the proprietor of that paper, and who has credit in bank for
the sum contained in it, rises and sinks in its value, according to the
price of the coin to which it carries a right.
In this manner coin, which otherwise would be dead in a warehouse, is
made to circulate, in favour of the owner, during the deposit, remaining
at the same time always at his command; and the keeping of the coin
brings into the bank a small profit, but which, by constant
accumulation, becomes considerable.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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