An inquiry into the propagation of contagious poisons, by the atmosphere : $b as also into the nature and effects of vitiated air, its forms and sources, and other causes of pestilence : with directions for avoiding the action of contagion, and observations on some means for promoting public healthAlison, Somerville Scott
Science
An inquiry into the propagation of contagious poisons, by the atmosphere : $b as also into the nature and effects of vitiated air, its forms and sources, and other causes of pestilence : with directions for avoiding the action of contagion, and observations on some means for promoting public health
Alison, Somerville Scott
Communicable diseases; Public health
The means for the prevention of this form of vitiated air are obvious.
Large, airy, well ventilated and lofty apartments are essential, if many
persons must be put together; and, where that is not necessary, it is
advisable to have them separated in several different chambers, where
due ventilation is strictly maintained, by retaining the windows more or
less open through the day, or by other equally effective means.
By the sleeping of many persons in one apartment, the atmosphere is
deprived to a great extent of its more vital fluid, and becomes unfit to
support respiration in its integrity; and the health of the inmates is
not unfrequently injured in consequence. The sleeping of many persons in
one bed-room, therefore, should be avoided, where it is possible; but,
where that is not practicable, it becomes necessary to lessen the evil
consequences, and this may be done by keeping a door or window partially
open during the night, when the weather is not too inclement to forbid
that procedure.
At all times, exhalations to a great extent are proceeding from the
bodies of men; and, where individuals are much confined to one
apartment, and where that is small, close, and ill ventilated, they
fasten or adhere to the furniture, curtains, carpets, and the very
walls. During sleep, the amount of these exhalations, it would appear,
is increased. It is then that the pores of the entire system, as well
upon the internal as the external surfaces, are most freely laid open,
and that they pour forth their respective fluids most abundantly. The
quantity of watery vapour which issues during sleep from the lungs is
prodigious; and the large quantity of water which is sometimes seen
collected on the panes of windows in the morning, and which is condensed
vapour, affords some idea of the vast quantity of fluid which is exhaled
during sleep. With this watery vapour, other ingredients of a hurtful
nature are conjoined, and, like it, adhere to the furniture and clothes.
When these exhalations are permitted to remain, they impart to the room
a disagreeable odour, cause the bed-clothes to be damp and unwholesome,
which, with the progress of fermentation, at length emit offensive
effluvia. In order to avoid these hurtful consequences, the following
measures should be adopted. When the bed-room is left in the morning,
the window or windows should be opened, and the bed-clothes freely
exposed to the air for some time: the constant passing of fresh air over
the clothes and through the apartment, will shortly carry off the
greater part of the exhalations which may have adhered.
The window should be left open during a part of the day, if the
atmosphere without is not particularly damp, as the removal of
impurities, when they have adhered to solid bodies, is not effected at
once, or so immediately as is generally believed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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