An introduction to the study of fishesGünther, Albert C. L. G. (Albert Carl Ludwig Gotthilf)
Science
An introduction to the study of fishes
Günther, Albert C. L. G. (Albert Carl Ludwig Gotthilf)
Fishes; Ichthyology
Pelagic fishes differ much from one another in their mode of life.
The majority are excellent swimmers, which not only can move with
great rapidity, but also are possessed of great powers of endurance,
and are thus enabled to continue their course for weeks, apparently
without the necessity of rest: such are many Sharks, Scombroids,
Dolphins, Pilot-fish, Sword-fishes. In some, as in _Dactylopterus_
and _Exocoetus_, the ability of taking flying leaps out of the water
is superadded to the power of swimming (Flying-fishes). But in others
the power of swimming is greatly reduced, as in _Antennarius_,
_Hippocampus_, and Gymnodonts; they frequent places in the ocean
covered with floating seaweed, or drift on the surface without
resistance, at the mercy of wind and current. The _Echeneis_ or
Sucking-fishes attach themselves to other large fish, ships, or
floating objects, and allow themselves to be carried about, unless
change of climate or want of food obliges them to abandon their
temporary carrier. Finally, another class of Pelagic fishes come to
the surface of the ocean during the night only; in the day time they
descend to some depth, where they are undisturbed by the rays of the
sun or the agitation of the surface-water: such are _Brama_, the
_Sternoptychidæ_, _Scopelus_, _Astronesthes_; fishes, the majority of
which are provided with those extraordinary luminary organs that we
find so much developed in the true Deep-sea fishes. Indeed, this last
kind of Pelagic fishes forms a passage to the Deep-sea forms.
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