An introduction to the study of mammals living and extinctLydekker, Richard
Science
An introduction to the study of mammals living and extinct
Lydekker, Richard
Mammals
_Tursiops._[169]—Rostrum tapering moderately from base to apex; palate
not grooved; symphysis of mandible short; other cranial characters as in
_Delphinus_. Teeth ²¹⁄₂₁ to ²⁵⁄₂₅, stout (6 to 7 mm. in antero-posterior
diameter). Vertebræ: C 7, D 13, L 17, C 27; total 64. Limbs as in
_Delphinus_. Represented by the widely distributed _T. tursio_; _T.
catalania_ being a second form. Fossil remains of this genus from the
Italian Pliocene have been recently described.
_Prodelphinus._[170]—Rostrum somewhat variable; mandibular symphysis
short (less than one-fifth the length of the ramus); other cranial
characters as in the preceding genus. Teeth ³⁰⁄₃₀ to ⁵⁰⁄₅₀, small, not
exceeding 3 mm. in diameter. Vertebræ 73 to 78. Limbs as in _Delphinus_.
Four leading types of this genus are recognised (all of which have
numerous synonyms) viz. _P. obscurus_, _P. euphrosyne_, _P. doris_, and
_P. longirostris_.
Péron’s Dolphin (_Delphinus leucorhamphus_, Péron, or _Leucorhamphus
peroni_, Lilljeborg) resembles some forms of _Prodelphinus_ in its
cranial characters; but having no dorsal fin, it has been separated
generically by some writers. It is not improbable that _Delphinus
borealis_, Peale, from the North Pacific, in which there is likewise no
dorsal fin, may be an allied form.
_Steno._[171]—Rostrum long, narrow, and compressed, very distinct from
the cranium; mandibular symphysis as long as, or longer than one-fourth
the length of the ramus; other cranial characters as in the preceding
genus. Teeth ²¹⁄₂₁ to ²⁵⁄₂₅, of comparatively large size (5-6 mm. in
diameter); surface of their crowns finely grooved. Vertebræ: C 7, D 12, L
15, C 32; total 66. Represented by _S. rostratus_, from which the forms
which have received other names are probably not specifically separable.
_Sotalia._[172]—Pterygoids narrow, not meeting in the middle line, and
in their inner borders diverging posteriorly, instead of being parallel
as in the preceding genera; other cranial characters much as in _Steno_.
Teeth tolerably large (4-5 mm. in diameter), ³⁰⁄₃₀ to ³⁵⁄₃₅, with smooth
enamelled surface. Vertebræ: C 7, D 12, L 10-14, C 22; total 51-55.
Pectoral fin broad at base, the breadth being caused by the considerable
development and position of the two outer digits. Six species are
provisionally recognised as distinct, including the Chinese White Dolphin
(_S. sinensis_) and _S. pallidus_ from the river Amazon.
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