An Old Babylonian Version of the Gilgamesh EpicJastrow, Morris
General
An Old Babylonian Version of the Gilgamesh Epic
Jastrow, Morris
Epic poetry, Assyro-Babylonian
[79] "Enkidu blocked the gate" (Pennsylvania tablet, line 215) =
Assyrian version Tablet IV, 2, 46: "Enkidu interposed his foot at
the gate of the family house."
[80] Pennsylvania tablet, lines 218 and 224.
[81] Yale tablet, line 198; also to be supplied lines 13-14.
[82] Yale tablet, lines 190 and 191.
[83] _PSBA_ 1914, 65 _seq._ = Jensen III, 1a, 4-11, which can now be
completed and supplemented by the new fragment.
[84] I.e., Enkidu will save Gilgamesh.
[85] These two lines impress one as popular sayings--here applied
to Enkidu.
[86] King's fragment, col. I, 13-27, which now enables us to complete
Jensen III, 1a, 12-21.
[87] Yale tablet, lines 252-253.
[88] Yale tablet, lines 143-148 = Assyrian version, Tablet IV, 6,
26 _seq._
[89] Assyrian version, Tablet III, 2a, 13-14.
[90] Lines 215-222.
[91] Assyrian version, Tablet V, Columns 3-4. We have to assume that
in line 13 of column 4 (Jensen, p. 164), Enkidu takes up the thread
of conversation, as is shown by line 22: "Enkidu brought his dream
to him and spoke to Gilgamesh."
[92] Assyrian version, Tablet VI, lines 146-147.
[93] Lines 178-183.
[94] Lines 176-177.
[95] Tablet VII, Column 6.
[96] Assyrian version, Tablet VI, 200-203. These words are put into
the mouth of Gilgamesh (lines 198-199). It is, therefore, unlikely
that he would sing his own praise. Both Jensen and Ungnad admit that
Enkidu is to be supplied in at least one of the lines.
[97] Lines 109 and 112.
[98] Assyrian version, Tablet IX, 1, 8-9.
[99] Tablet VIII, 5, 2-6.
[100] So also Gressmann in Ungnad-Gressmann, _Das Gilgamesch-Epos_,
p. 97, regards Enkidu as the older figure.
[101] See Jastrow, _Adam and Eve in Babylonian Literature, AJSL_,
Vol. 15, pp. 193-214.
[102] Assyrian version, Tablet I, 2, 31-36.
[103] It will be recalled that Enkidu is always spoken of as "born
in the field."
[104] Note the repetition _ibtani_ "created" in line 33 of the "man
of Anu" and in line 35 of the offspring of Ninib. The creation of the
former is by the "heart," i.e., by the will of Aruru, the creation of
the latter is an act of moulding out of clay.
[105] Tablet I, Column 3.
[106] Following as usual the enumeration of lines in Jensen's edition.
[107] An analogy does not involve a dependence of one tale upon the
other, but merely that both rest on similar traditions, which _may_
have arisen independently.
[108] Note that the name of Eve is not mentioned till after the
fall (Genesis 3, 20). Before that she is merely _ishsha_, i.e.,
"woman," just as in the Babylonian tale the woman who guides Enkidu
is _harimtu_, "woman."
[109] "And he drank and became drunk" (Genesis 9, 21).
[110] "His heart became glad and his face shone" (Pennsylvania Tablet,
lines 100-101).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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