Germany possesses an honest and upright Anarchist of a strongly individualist tendency in the naturalised Scot, John Henry Mackay, who was born at Greenock on 6th February, 1864. In Mackay we find again one of those numerous persons who have descended from that sphere of society where want and distress are only known by name, into the habitations of human pity, and have risen from these upon the wings of poetic fancy and warmheartedness into the "regions where the happy gods do dwell," and where Anarchy does not need to be brought into being. Mackay is of an essentially artistic nature; like Cafiero, he is also a millionaire, which means a completely independent man. Both these circumstances are needed to explain his individualist Anarchism. His novel, which created some sensation, entitled _The Anarchist: A Picture of Society at the Close of the Nineteenth Century_,[4] which appeared in 1891, is a pendant to Theodor Hertzka's novel, _Freeland_, to which it is also not inferior in genuinely artistic effects, as _e. g._, the development of the character of Auban, an egoist of Stirner's kind, and in touching description, as that of poverty in Whitechapel. The book does not contain any new ideas: but is nevertheless important as making a thorough and clear distinction between individualist and communist Anarchism; while, on the other hand, the glaring colouring of the descriptions of misery possesses a certain provocative energy which the author certainly did not intend, for he rejects the "propaganda of action." [4] _Die Anarchisten_, etc.; _Zuerich Verlagsmagazin_; a popular edition has also appeared in Berlin; also an English translation. Boston, 1891; and in French, Paris, 1892.