Anatomy and Embalming: A Treatise on the Science and Art of Embalming, the Latest and Most Successful Methods of Treatment and the General Anatomy Relating to this SubjectNunnamaker, Albert John
Science
Anatomy and Embalming: A Treatise on the Science and Art of Embalming, the Latest and Most Successful Methods of Treatment and the General Anatomy Relating to this Subject
Nunnamaker, Albert John
Embalming
_How to Raise the Artery._—First trace the inner border of the biceps
muscle, feel for the median nerve, which will always be present. The
artery in the middle and lower thirds will follow the border of the
muscle. The palm of the hand should always be turned upward, and the
linear guide, as stated above, will indicate the exact position of
the artery. Make an incision through the skin, on the linear guide,
pushing the fatty subcutaneous tissue to one side, if there be any, and
with the handle of the scalpel, work through the superficial fascia.
Reverse the blade, and at each end of the incision, cut forward and
upward to make it clean. Now with the scalpel cautiously cut through
the deep fascia, and remove this from the vessels below. This will
expose to view the median nerve, and with the handle of the scalpel,
separate the tissue between the artery and the muscle, and between the
artery and the nerve. Having thus freed the artery, use the hook end
of the aneurism needle and pass it under the artery toward the muscle,
and raise the artery to the surface. Pass the bone separator or the
forceps with the closed end, underneath, remove the sheath surrounding
the artery and the deep brachial veins. The natural position will be,
the artery on top, the larger deep brachial vein to the inner side and
the smaller one underneath. It is very necessary to remove these deep
brachial veins, for the reason that if they are not, in cutting the
artery for injection, they will be cut also, resulting in a flow of
venous blood into the incision.
=How to Locate, Raise and Inject the Radial Artery.=—The radial artery
is one of the branches of the brachial artery, and extends from about
one half inch below the bend of the elbow, along the valley of the
forearm, to the thumb part of the hand. It is divided into thirds, viz:
the upper, middle and lower thirds. It is accompanied in close relation
by the radial veins, but in no way do they interfere with the operation
of raising the vessel. The value of this artery is in the embalming
of ladies, where the body has been dressed and the sleeve cannot be
removed to use the brachial artery without material inconvenience and
annoyance. It is especially desirable to those who are just beginning
to use the arteries. The radial artery is somewhat smaller than the
ulnar, but, on account of the depth of the latter and inconvenience
of raising, the radial artery is the one artery in the forearm which
is generally used. It is an excellent vessel to employ in cases where
the friends are opposed to embalming because of the mutilation of the
body, as they choose to call it. Some object to the use of this artery
on account of the fact that the mutilation is not easily hidden. The
wound can be easily covered by simply pulling the sleeve down to its
normal place. The incision necessary to be made is so small and it can
be closed so neatly, that no objection on the part of the relatives
need be apprehended.
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