Anatomy and Embalming: A Treatise on the Science and Art of Embalming, the Latest and Most Successful Methods of Treatment and the General Anatomy Relating to this SubjectNunnamaker, Albert John
Science
Anatomy and Embalming: A Treatise on the Science and Art of Embalming, the Latest and Most Successful Methods of Treatment and the General Anatomy Relating to this Subject
Nunnamaker, Albert John
Embalming
Injuries resulting from corrosive liquids such as sulphuric acid,
nitric acid, caustic potash, carbolic acid, etc., are properly termed
burns. A heated solid such as iron may produce a burn of great
intensity from the blistering of the skin to the charring of the
underlying tissues. Metals heated above 212 degrees Fahrenheit will
produce redness, vesication and coagulation of the blood. Molten metals
cause burns or scalds very similar to those produced by heated solids.
Boiling oil produces severe burns. If a part is severely scalded with
boiling water, the skin may appear sodden, blistered, and of an ash
grey color, but never produces blackening or charring of the cuticle.
Phosphorous burns are usually very severe and of great depth, while
the area of skin destroyed is usually small. Gunpowder burns caused by
explosions are often of great superficial extent, extensive scorching
and numerous carbon particles are commonly found imbedded in the true
skin. Petroleum burns are generally severe, as usually all or nearly
all the body is scorched and blackened. Burns from flame, extensive
scorching with burnt hair is a usual feature in a flame burn. Burns
from explosions of fire damp in coal mines are frequently of great
extent and present the appearance of great scorching, and very often a
quantity of coal dust will be found imbedded in the true skin. There
are six degrees of burns as follows: (a) Simple hyperemia of the
skin, (b) dermatitis, with vesicles or bullae, (c) necrosis of the
superficial layer of the skin, (d) complete necrosis of the skin, (e)
necrosis of the skin, superficial fascia and muscles, and (f) complete
carbonization of the part.
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