Anatomy and Embalming: A Treatise on the Science and Art of Embalming, the Latest and Most Successful Methods of Treatment and the General Anatomy Relating to this SubjectNunnamaker, Albert John
Science
Anatomy and Embalming: A Treatise on the Science and Art of Embalming, the Latest and Most Successful Methods of Treatment and the General Anatomy Relating to this Subject
Nunnamaker, Albert John
Embalming
Any one who is familiar with hospital work must know that all do not
die in the same way. For some it is the long lingering disease, chronic
in form, which after a long and tedious course the thread of life is
finally broken, and we hardly know the instant at which the change was
completed. For others, it is the short, acute attack, which snaps the
life away in a very instant, only after a very short duration. For some
it is to die from accidental causes, while for others it is only the
passing out from the period of old age. For some the mind may be active
and the intellectual faculties useful up to the last moment, while for
others the contrary is all but too true.
Although there may be many different kinds of disease infecting the
human race, yet we find that death ultimately results from the stoppage
of any one, or maybe, all three of the vital organs, namely the heart,
brain or lungs. Anything whatsoever which plays upon the body, to such
an extent, as to affect the functions absolutely, of either the heart,
brain or lungs, will result in the death of that body. And since these
organs are of such vital importance to us, and since the stoppage of
any one of them will result in death, they have been termed the vital
organs.
=Modes of Death.=—There are, then, only three modes of death: syncope,
or the stoppage of the heart; coma, or the failure of the brain to
perform its functions; apnea, or the stoppage of the lungs.
_Syncope._—For the heart to properly perform its function, namely
that of propelling the blood to all parts of the body, it must first
be properly nourished itself. If for any reason the heart does not
get this proper nourishment, say the coronary arteries should become
clogged, or a fatty infiltration, or a lack of red blood corpuscles, we
would have a condition in the body known as anemia.
The heart must also have a proper nerve supply from the brain, and if
because of any disease, the vaso-motor or the vaso-constrictor fibers
should become affected, the heart would cease to contract and expand,
and hence the complete stoppage of the heart. A condition of this kind
is known as asthenia.
But whether it is death by anemia or asthenia, the state of suspended
animation, common to both these forms is expressed by the single
term—syncope.
_Coma._—In cases of apoplexy, where we have the blood escaping from the
ruptured vessels, compressing the brain, we find death ensuing. Also in
accidental cases such as fracture of the skull, the injury will often
cause death. These are examples of coma, and can be explained in this
way, viz.; the power of the brain becomes inactive either through the
result of an injury or a disease, and when this inactivity occurs the
respiratory apparatus subsides and the heart deprived of its normal
stimulus through the vaso-motor and constrictor fibers, soon ceases to
beat, and death is the result.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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