THE URETER (Fig. 108, _c_; Figs. 111 and 112, _b_).--The duct of the kidney begins as the =pelvis= (Fig. 109, _d_), a conical sac the base of which encloses the base of the papilla. From the apex of the papilla the urine passes into the pelvis. The outer wall of the pelvis is continuous with the capsule of the kidney. At the hilus the pelvis narrows to form the =ureter= (Fig. 109, _g_). The ureter passes caudad in a fold of peritoneum which contains fat. Near its caudal end it passes dorsad of the vas deferens (Fig. 111, _c_), turns ventrocraniad, and pierces the dorsal wall of the bladder (Fig. 111, _a_) obliquely near the neck. On the inside of the bladder the openings of the ureters appear as pores about five millimeters apart, and each is surrounded by a white, ring-like elevation of the surface. THE BLADDER. VESICA URINARIA.--The bladder (Fig. 111, _a_) is pear-shaped. It lies in the abdominal cavity between its ventral wall and the rectum and a short distance craniad of the pubic symphysis. Caudad it is continued into a rather long, narrow =neck= (_f_) which passes dorsad of the symphysis to the pelvic cavity. The bladder is covered by peritoneum and is held in place by its neck and by three folds of the peritoneum. One of these passes from its ventral wall to the linea alba and is the =suspensory= ligament. Two others pass one from each side of the bladder to the dorsal body wall at the sides of the rectum. They are the =lateral= ligaments of the bladder. They form the walls of a partly isolated peritoneal pocket into which the rectum passes; this pocket opens craniad into the peritoneal cavity. The wall of the bladder is composed of an internal epithelium, a layer of plain muscle-fibre bundles which cross one another in various directions, and the external peritoneal layer. SUPRARENAL BODIES. GLANDULÆ SUPRARENALES.--The suprarenal bodies are two ovoid bodies about a centimeter in the longest diameter, lying craniomediad of the kidneys, but usually not touching them. In a fresh condition they are of a pinkish or yellow color. They are usually imbedded in fat and are covered by peritoneum on their ventral surface. They have no duct and are of uncertain function. 2. The Genital Organs. A. THE MALE GENITAL ORGANS. _External Genital Organs._--The external genital organs are the =scrotum= and =penis=. The =scrotal sac= or =scrotum= is a pouch of integument which lies ventrad of the anus in the median line against the ischiatic symphysis. It is marked by a median groove which indicates the position of an internal septum dividing its cavity into lateral halves, within each of which is one of the =testes=.