=V. cephalica= (Fig. 130).--Several superficial branches lying in the palm of the hand unite to form a common trunk which curves about the radial side of the wrist and here unites with a similarly formed trunk from the dorsum of the hand. The vein formed by this union, vena cephalica (antibrachii) (_c_), passes to the elbow accompanying the radial nerve (_g_) and the collateral radial artery (_d_), and lying on the extensor carpi radialis longus muscle just beneath the integument. It receives small lateral superficial branches. At the elbow it divides into two: these are the vena cephalica (humeri) (_a_) and the =vena mediana cubiti= (_b_). The latter passes beneath the pectoantibrachialis muscle, across the biceps, and unites with the brachial vein in the concavity of the elbow. The vena cephalica (humeri) passes at the elbow onto the upper arm, following the lateral border of the clavobrachial muscle. It thus reaches the acromiodeltoid muscle, where it divides into two branches. One passes inward beneath the acromiodeltoid, and joins the vena circumflexa posterior (a branch of the axillary). The second continues over the outer surface of the shoulder, and finally joins the vena transversa scapulæ (a branch of the external jugular). D. =V. jugularis externa= (Fig. 131; Fig. 65, 5, page 109).--The external jugular vein comes from the head and face. It is formed by the junction of the anterior (Fig. 131, _c_) and posterior (_b_) facial veins near the ventral border of the sternomastoid muscle. It passes thence obliquely across the sternomastoid to the triangular interval between it and the clavotrapezius. In the interval it receives a small branch which accompanies the branch of the transversa scapulæ artery to the clavobrachialis muscle, receives next the common trunk of the vena cephalica and transversa scapulæ, and opposite the cranial end of the manubrium receives the internal jugular vein (Fig. 129, _l_). It then unites with the subclavian to form the innominate vein. Near the point where it receives the internal jugular the external jugular vein receives the =thoracic duct= (Fig. 118, 5). Branches of the external jugular: _a._ =V. transversa scapulæ.=--This follows the course of the artery of the same name. One of its branches receives one of the two terminal divisions of the vena cephalica (q. v.). In many cases veins which correspond to branches of the transversa scapulæ artery enter the external jugular separately (as shown in Fig. 118, _x_ and _y_). _b._ =V. cervicalis ascendens.=--A small branch which follows the corresponding branch of the thyrocervical axis.