On the plantar side of the foot small veins pass from the digits to a
superficial =venous plantar arch=, which lies just proximad of the
fibrous pad on the sole of the foot. At its medial side this arch
extends proximad and dorsad to join that branch of the vena saphena
magna which comes from the dorsum of the second digit. On the lateral
side it extends proximad along the lateral margin of the foot, sends a
communicating branch dorsad to the branches of the V. saphena magna, and
continues along the lateral border of the foot to the ankle. It forms
the beginning of the =V. saphena parva= (Fig. 163, _k_, page 401). This
receives branches from the lateral surface of the ankle, which
anastomose with those of the saphena magna. The saphena parva then
passes proximad along the lateral surface of the leg, close to its
ventral border, to the popliteal space. At the distal end of the
popliteal space it divides into two branches. One passes inward through
the fat of the popliteal space, receiving branches from the lymphatic
gland situated here, and joins the popliteal vein. The other (_k_′)
remains superficial and continues proximad over the lateral surface of
the biceps to the proximal end of that muscle. Here it passes between
the biceps and caudofemoralis to join the inferior gluteal vein.
IV. THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM. SYSTEMA LYMPHATICUM.
The lymphatic system of the cat has not been worked out in detail, so
that only the main features of the system are given in the following
account.
The lymphatic system consists of a number of vessels, the =lymphatics=,
containing a colorless fluid called =lymph=, and of =lymphatic glands=,
connected with the lymphatic vessels. The lymphatic vessels are found
throughout the body as slender tubes, frequently united into networks,
and containing many valves. They take origin from the spaces in the
connective tissue, so that they are at first without definite walls. The
fluid in the connective-tissue spaces gradually flows together into
tubes with definite walls, and these tubes, the lymphatic vessels,
finally join the venous system. In their passage through the lymphatic
glands the vessels break up into fine channels which again unite on
leaving the gland. In the gland lymph-cells are added to the fluid, and
probably other changes are produced.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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