_a._ =N. frontalis.=--The frontal nerve passes along the lateral border
of the superior oblique muscle and then laterad of the pulley to near
the middle of the supraorbital crest of the frontal bone. Here it passes
out of the orbit and is distributed to the integument of the upper
eyelid and the adjacent region at the side of the nose.
_b._ =N. infratrochlearis.=--The infratrochlear nerve passes between the
superior rectus and the superior oblique in the first part of its
course. It then passes ventrad of the superior oblique and ventrad of
the pulley to be distributed to the integument of the upper eyelid near
the inner angle.
_c._ =N. ethmoidalis.=--The ethmoidal nerve passes along with the
ethmoidal artery through the ethmoidal foramen (or foramina) in the
orbital plate of the frontal bone. It is finally distributed to the
mucosa of the nose and to the cartilage and integument of the snout.
_d._ =N. ciliaris longus.=--The long ciliary nerve arises from the
ophthalmic and passes along the optic nerve to be distributed to the
eyeball. It divides into several branches before penetrating the
sclerotic.
One or two small communicating branches to the =ciliary ganglion= are
given off at about the same point as the long ciliary nerve. (For a
description of this ganglion see the account of the oculomotor nerve,
page 369.)
2. =N. maxillaris.=--The maxillary nerve, the second division of N.
trigeminus, rises from the semilunar (Gasserian) ganglion and leaves the
skull by the foramen rotundum. It is the sensory nerve of the palate,
upper teeth and upper lip, and of part of the forehead and cheek.
On leaving the foramen the maxillary nerve divides into three branches,
the two =infraorbital= nerves (Fig. 154, _f_) and the =sphenopalatine=
(Fig. 154, _g_). Two smaller branches are likewise given off either
within or just outside of the foramen, the =lachrymal= nerve (Fig. 154,
_j_) and the =zygomatic= (subcutaneus malæ) (Fig. 154, _i_).
_a._ =N. lachrymalis= (Fig. 154, _j_; Fig. 155, _m_).--The lachrymal
nerve passes along the periorbita to the lachrymal gland (Fig. 154, 11),
to which it gives branches. It then continues caudad of the zygomatic
process of the temporal to the integument; here it turns caudad and is
distributed to the integument in the region between the eye and the
external ear (Fig. 155, _m_). It anastomoses with the zygomatic branch
of the seventh nerve (Fig. 155, _h_).
_b._ =N. zygomaticus= (subcutaneus malæ) (Fig. 154, _i_).--This arises
with the preceding and follows it for some distance. It passes through a
foramen in the frontal process of the malar bone and is distributed to
the lower eyelid and adjacent integument.
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