[310] This circular formation, however, was no new invention. We have it in Cæsar: "Quum illi, _orbe facto_, sese defenderent, celeriter ad clamorem hominum circiter millia VI. convenerunt." Bell. Gall., L. 4. [311] Fordun, xi. 34; Hemingford, 59-165; Walsingham, 75. [312] p. 631. [313] Hist. _sub an._ 1256. See also the account of the Tartar warriors. M. Paris, _ad ann._ 1238, 1241, 1243. [314] M. Paris, _sub an._ 1238. p. 399. [315] Ibid., p. 467. [316] Ibid., p. 574. [317] Paris, 651. [318] Lingard, vol. iii. p. 280. [319] Kriegsbuch, b. 2. fol. 66. [320] MS. Chronicle, cited by the Emperor of the French in the _Etudes sur l'Artillerie_, vol. i. p. 39. [321] Sismondi, Repub. Ital., iii. 105. [322] Giov. Villani, L. 7. c. 8. [323] Trivet, Annales, fol. 282. [324] Ante, page 217. [325] Page 687. [326] Page 537. [327] Rolandini: De factis in March. Tarvis., L. iv. c. 13. [328] M. Paris, p. 669. [329] Page 74. [330] Brasses and Slabs. [331] Tho. Archid. in Hist. Salonit., c. 28. Ducange, v. _Collarium_. [332] Plac. Coron., 8 Ed. I., Rot. 41. [333] a. 1296. [334] Archæologia, vol. xvii. pp. 302, 304 and 305. [335] Copied from the figure by Blore and Le Keux in Surtees' Durham, iij. 155. [336] Add. MS. 6728. Kerrich Collections. [337] Archæologia, vol. xvii. p. 302, seq. [338] This illustration has been kindly lent by the Council of the Archæological Institute. [339] Mémoires de la Soc. des Antiq. de France, t. xiii. p. 339. [340] Annales Archéol., t. iv. p. 212. [341] New Fœdera, vol. ii. pt. i. p. 203. [342] Archæol. Journ., vol. ii. p. 349. [343] New Rymer, vol. ii. pt. i. p. 203. [344] Three sculptured effigies had already been noticed in England, having defences of Banded-mail, when in the course of a tour in the midland counties with an archæological friend, the Rev. Mr. Parke, of Lichfield, the writer had the good fortune to find, in the little church of Newton Solney in Derbyshire, the monument here figured. See Archæol. Journ., vol. vii. p. 360. The other statues are those at Tewkesbury, Dodford, Northants, and Tollard Royal, Wilts. The engraving of the Sulney effigy and the following three woodcuts illustrative of Banded-mail have been obligingly lent by the Central Committee of the Archæological Institute. [345] Kerrich Collections in Brit. Mus., Add. MS. 6,731, f. 4. [346] Vol. i. p. 77. [347] We are again obliged to borrow illustrations of our subject from the fourteenth century. This manuscript appears to have been illuminated about 1360. [348] Wien's kaiserliches Zeughaus. [349] Chaucer. [350] Six or eight. [351] protect. [352] _Archæologia_, vol. xvii. pp. 302 and 305. [353] Glossar., v. _Armatura_. [354] hauberk. [355] shields? Perhaps, coming with the body-armour, the ailettes. [356] greaves. [357] gloves: _gants_? See the glossarists. [358] Vol. iii. p. 403. [359] Paris, 773. [360] Froissart, bk. ii. ch. 200, ed. Buchon. [361] Page 686.