Ancient history from the monuments: Greek cities & islands of Asia MinorVaux, W. S. W. (William Sandys Wright)
History
Ancient history from the monuments: Greek cities & islands of Asia Minor
Vaux, W. S. W. (William Sandys Wright)
Greeks -- Turkey; Turkey -- History
On pursuing his researches in this _temenos_, Mr. Newton came upon the
entrance to a large chamber, full of miscellaneous antiquities,
including many bases of former statues, some with remains of stelæ,
others with hollowed spaces for the feet of statues. Most of them bore
dedications to Demeter in the Doric dialect; and, with them, were many
other objects connected with her worship, as three boar pigs, a
calathus, and many votive female breasts in marble. The date of these
objects is probably, as Mr. Newton suggests, about B.C. 370-320. Below
these, again, were layers of lamps, _amphoriskoi_, vessels in Samian
ware, hair-pins of bone, bodkins, and glass bottles, all probably Roman.
It is likely that this chamber was formerly a treasury connected with
one of the temples; and, that it has never been disturbed since it
became a ruin is certain from the fact that the edges of the fractured
stones are still clean and sharp. It is curious that, besides the marble
pigs, the bones of many young pigs were also found, manifest remains of
sacrifices to Demeter.
The clearing out of the Theatres did little to reward Mr. Newton’s
labours; indeed, it soon became but too clear that all, or nearly all,
the finer works had long since been removed, probably, like the Venus,
to Constantinople. Hence, shortly afterwards, he gave his chief
attention to a thorough examination of the Necropolis, the vast extent
of which naturally inspired hopes of important discoveries. This
necropolis, the general character of which is very well shown in one of
the plates in the “Ionian Antiquities,” must in former days have been
one of the most striking features of the town. One of the structures
still remaining _in situ_ was, Mr. Newton observes, not unlike in form
to an early Christian church, with a chamber, vestibule, and apse or
alcove at the south end. On each side were smaller apses, and, in front
of each of them, a marble sarcophagus. The sarcophagi generally exhibit
good Roman work of the time of Domitian, but have suffered much by the
fall of the roof; they must once have been magnificent specimens of the
decorative style of their day, though they exhibit the decay of good
taste in the lavish prodigality of ornament with which they have been
covered. In the earth around were abundant fragments of Greek
inscriptions, nearly all of them decrees of the Senate and people of
Cnidus. One of the tombs Mr. Newton considered to have been that of a
certain Lykæthus, as an inscription records decrees in his favour, by
show of hands (χειροτονία), at the festival of the greater Dionysia,
together with the erection of a statue to him at the public expense.
There is no satisfactory proof as to when this Lykæthus lived; but his
tomb would seem to date from the early Seleucidan period, when Cnidus
was a free city.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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