Equity, 172; early history of, 15; Lord Eldon on, 40; English, 40, 41; meaning of, 17; origin, 34, 35; Roman compared with English, 40-42 Feudalism, explanation of, 214 Gaius, 90, 174, 220-223 Grote, decline of kingly rule, 6; _History of Greece_, 3, 5; law administered by aristocracies, 7 Grotius, Hugo, 56, 58, 59, 64; _De Jure Belli et Pacis_, 205 Homer, earliest notions of law derived from, 2, 3; Themis, Themistes, 2-5 Indian (Hindoo) Law, _see_ separate headings Codes, Customary, Primogeniture, Property, Testamentary Law, Village communities Institutional Treatise (Justinian), 27 International Law, 64; and occupancy, 145 Law of Nations (Jus Gentium), incorporation with Roman Law, 36, 37; origin of, 27-31 Legal fictions, benefit of, 77; examples in English Law, 18; in Roman Law, 15, 16; meaning, useful purpose of, 15, 16 Legis Actio Sacramenti, Gaius on, 220, 221 Legislation, the agent of legal improvement, 17; differing from equity, legal fictions, 17, 18 _Lettres Persanes_, 183 Maine, _Cambridge Essays_, 1856, 205, 212 Mancipation, 120, 121, 163-169, 185 Menu, Laws of, 10-12 Montesquieu, 49, 51, 183 Natural Law (Law of Nature), American Law and, 56; antagonistic to historical method, 53; confusing past with present, 43; equality of man, 54-56; equality of sex, 90; feudalism, 62, 65; French history, 47, 48, 50, 53; French Law, 56; Greek interpretation of, 44; Grotian system, 56, 58, 59, 64-66; incorporated with Roman Law, 36, 37; influence of Stoics, 32, 33; Modern International Law, 56-60; most critical period, 50; modern society, 54; occupancy, 145-147, 153; origin of, 31, 32; private property, 164; Rousseau on, 51; slavery, 95; territorial sovereignty, 60-63; Testamentary Law, 103, 104 Occupancy, 144, 145; in Roman Law, 145 Pascal, _Provincial Letters_, 207 Prescriptions, 167, 168; and Canon Law, 168 Primogeniture, Celtic customs, 141, 142; feudal system, 135-137; Hindoo Law, 134, 137, 141; Mahometan Law, 142; Roman Law, 133, 134 Property, natural modes of acquiring, 144 Property Law, ancient Germanic, 165, ancient Sclavonic, 165; descent in Middle Ages, 132; Indian Law, 165; origin of, 145; possession, 170, 172; private, ancient forms of transfer, 160, 162-164; Roman, 60, 66, 166; Cessio in Jure, 170; Edictum Perpetuum, 37; Emphyteusis, 175-178; Gaius on, 174; Justinian, 174; law of persons and things, 152; mancipation, 163, 169; possessory interdicts, 171; Praetor's interdict, 172; Res Mancipi, 160-164, 173; Res Nec Mancipi, 164; system of farming, 176; usucapion, 167, 169, 173