[7]The gametophyte generation (represented in the ferns by the prothallium on which the sexual organs develop) alternates with the large, leafy sporophyte. Refer to Scott’s volume on _Flowerless Plants_ (see Appendix) for an account of this alternation of generations. [8]Material recently obtained by the author and Dr. Fujii in Japan does contain some true petrifactions of Angiosperms and other plant debris. The account of these discoveries has not yet been published. [9]A fuller account of the Angiospermic flora can be had in French, in M. Laurent’s paper in _Progressus Rei Botanicæ_. See Appendix for reference. [10]From the Cretaceous deposits of North America several fossil forms (_Brachyphyllum_, _Protodammara_) are described which show clear affinities with the family as it is now constituted. (See Hollick and Jeffrey; reference in the Appendix.) [11]The addition of _-oxylon_ to the generic name of any living type indicates that we are dealing with a fossil which closely resembles the living type so far as we have information from the petrified material. [12]See reference in the Appendix to this richly illustrated volume. [13]For fuller description of this interesting cone, see Scott’s _Studies_, p. 114 _et seq._ [14]A brackish swampy land is physiologically dry, as the plants cannot use the water. See Warming’s _Oecology of Plants_, English edition, for a detailed account of such conditions. For a simple account see Stopes’ _The Study of Plant Life_, p. 170. [15]The student interested in this special flora should refer to Arber’s British Museum _Catalogue of the Fossil Plants of the Glossopteris Flora_. INDEX (_Italicized numbers refer to illustrations_) Abietineæ, 88, 89, 90. — family characters of, 91. Algæ, 44, 47, 165. — brown, 166. — green, 165. — red, 165. _Alnus_, 85. Amber, 17. Amentiferæ, 84. Anatomy of fossil plants, likeness in detail to that of living plants, 53 et seq. — — — — differences in detail from that of living plants, 69 et seq. _Andromeda_, 84. Angiosperms, comparison with Bennettitales, 103. — early history of, 79 et seq. — general distribution of in time, 177. — later evolution of, 178. — male cell of, 52. Araliaceæ, 85. Araucareæ, 88, 90, 111. — description of, 90. — primitive characters of, 89. _Araucarioxylon_, 93, 95. Arber, 173. _Archæocalamites_, 152. Artocarpaceæ, 85. _Asterochlaena_, 126, 127, _86_, _89_.