[112] _Exploration des ruines d' Antinoe_, by A.C. Gayet
(Annales du Musée Guimet, xxvi, Paris, 1897); _Grundzüge der
Papyruskunde,_ Wilcken, i, pp. 49, 50. Professor A.S. Hunt refers
me to the following papyri:--Reinach, 49. 11; Oxyrhynchus, 1110.
9-10 and note there; Brit. Mus. 1164 (c) 12. The numeration of
the divisions of the town by letters was borrowed from
Alexandria, where the five parts of the city were known as A, B,
C, D, E. For plans see the Napoleonic _Description d'Égypte_ iv
(Paris, 1817), plate 53, and E. Jomard, _Antiquités d'Égypte_
(1818), chap. xv.
[Illustration: FIG. 34. BOSTRA.
(After Baedeker.)]
Another instance may be found still further east, in the land beyond
Jordan, at the capital of the Haurân, Bosrâ, anciently Bostra. Little
has been achieved in the way of exploration of this site beyond
studies of the stately ruins of theatres, palaces, temples, triumphal
arches, aqueducts. Little can therefore be said as to the date of its
ground-plan. But it was rectangular in outline, or nearly so; and its
streets crossed at right angles and enclosed rectangular insulae.[113]
The place owes all its greatness to Rome. During the second century it
was the fortress of the Legio III Cyrenaica, which guarded this part
of the eastern Roman frontier. About A.D. 225 it became a 'colonia,'
and perhaps we should date from this the town-plan just described
(fig. 34).
[113] Baedeker, _Palestine and Syria_ (1906), p. 162.
This rectangular planning remained long in use in the Eastern Empire.
When in A.D. 705 (as it seems) the town of Chersonnesus in the Crimea
was rebuilt after a total destruction, it was rebuilt on a symmetrical
plan of oblong 'insulae' (25-30 by 60-70 yds. area). Its streets were
mean and narrow. But their plan at least was apparently more regular
than that of their predecessors.[114]
[114] Minns, _Greeks and Scythians_, pp. 493, 508, and references
there given.
CHAPTER X
ROMAN BUILDING-LAWS
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