Andrée, Salomon August, 1854-1897; Balloon ascensions; North Pole
On the hoop itself, a number of articles were placed: picks, shovels,
hatchets, anchors, a little windlass, buoys, etc. All these articles are
of bronze or copper; the hatchets have a steel blade, set in copper.
Andrée takes with him twelve despatch buoys, each consisting of a sphere
of cork 7⅘ inches in diameter coated with a thick coat of paint, partly
blue and partly yellow, and protected by a network of copper wire. At
the bottom the buoy is weighted by a cone filled with lead, which gives
it the appearance of a top; at the upper portion is a copper stopper
inscribed with the words “Andrée’s Polar Expedition, 1896,” and a number.
This stopper closes a cavity cut in the cork to receive a tube, in which
will be enclosed documents or messages from the explorers. The buoy is
surmounted by a spiral spring of copper supporting a little Swedish flag
of thin metal.
The buoys will be thrown out at different points of the voyage of the
balloon. A thirteenth, larger than the others, will be left at that point
of the route that shall be the nearest to the geographical pole that can
be reached by the balloon.
_July 1st._—We then proceeded to estimate the ascending power of the
balloon. It was calculated that it could carry 3,747 lbs. of ballast,
including that part of the cordage intended to be used as ballast, and
that it could keep up for a minimum period of thirty to thirty-five
days. This period could be extended in case of need, by sacrificing the
sails and other parts that had become useless, the car if necessary, and
part of the guide-ropes, as the explorers could still take refuge on the
hoop, to which was attached all their provisions and necessaries. In this
manner nearly 1,763 lbs. of supplementary ballast could be obtained,
which would increase the length of the voyage by twenty days.
The aeronauts could thus remain in the air for more than fifty days,
and at the same time keep their food and the necessary apparatus and
cordage. Thus their departure would take place under most promising
conditions.
As to the point of landing, the chances seem to point most to Siberia,
which offers a very large extent of land; next in order of probability
comes Alaska, in North America. Andrée did not think that the balloon
could be drawn towards Greenland, with its gigantic glaciers attaining
to such great altitudes, as the surrounding lower strata of air cool
rapidly by contact with this boundless frozen mass, and currents would be
formed there that would radiate in all directions. Only the currents of
the upper atmosphere would approach these regions; but the Andrée balloon
always travels close to the earth, which is, moreover, another point in
favour of its longevity. We need not fear, therefore, that the explorers
will be lost in the glaciers of Greenland.
[Illustration: THE MEMBERS OF THE EXPEDITION.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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