It must never be forgotten, however, that the whole framework of our language still remains, in every case, purely English–that is to say, Anglo-Saxon or Low Dutch–however many foreign elements may happen to enter into its vocabulary. We can frame many sentences without using one word of Romance or classical origin: we cannot frame a single sentence without using words of English origin. The Authorised Version of the Bible, "The Pilgrim's Progress," and such poems as Tennyson's "Dora," consist almost entirely of Teutonic elements. Even when the vocabulary is largely classical, as in Johnson's "Rasselas" and some parts of "Paradise Lost," the grammatical structure, the prepositions, the pronouns, the auxiliary verbs, and the connecting particles, are all necessarily and purely English. Two examples will suffice to make this principle perfectly clear. In the first, which is the most familiar quotation from Shakespeare, all the words of foreign origin have been printed in italics:– To be, or not to be,–that is the _question_: Whether 'tis _nobler_ in the mind to _suffer_ The slings and arrows of _outrageous fortune_; Or to take _arms_ against a sea of _troubles_, And, by _opposing_, end them? To die,–to sleep,– No more; and, by a sleep, to say we end The heart-ache, and the thousand _natural_ shocks That flesh is _heir_ to,–'tis a _consummation_ _Devoutly_ to be wished. To die,–to sleep;– To sleep! _perchance_ to dream: ay, there's the rub For in that sleep of death what dreams may come, When we have shuffled off this _mortal_ coil, Must give us _pause_: there's the _respect_ That makes _calamity_ of so long life; For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, The _oppressor's_ wrong, the proud man's _contumely_, The _pangs_ of _despised_ love, the law's _delay_, The _insolence_ of _office_, and the _spurns_ That _patient merit_ of the unworthy takes, When he himself might his _quietus_ make With a bare bodkin? Here, out of 167 words, we find only 28 of foreign origin; and even these are Englished in their terminations or adjuncts. _Noble_ is Norman-French; but the comparative _nobler_ stamps it with the Teutonic mark. _Oppose_ is Latin; but the participle _opposing_ is true English. _Devout_ is naturalised by the native adverbial termination, _devoutly_. _Oppressor's_ and _despised_ take English inflexions. The formative elements, _or_, _not_, _that_, _the_, _in_, _and_, _by_, _we_, and the rest, are all English. The only complete sentence which we could frame of wholly Latin words would be an imperative standing alone, as, "Observe," and even this would be English in form. On the other hand, we may take the following passage from Mr. Herbert Spencer as a specimen of the largely Latinised vocabulary needed for expressing the exact ideas of science or philosophy. Here also borrowed words are printed in italics:–