So much for some of the results of conative tendency. Not only does it secure adaptation or adjustment to the environment, but it affords the conditions of mental development by which further accommodation is rendered possible. But, in addition to the attainment of biological ends, in addition to the furtherance of survival in the struggle for existence, mental development has another aspect. All sensory data, whether from the special senses, from the motor processes concerned in responsive behaviour, or from other sources, may, and perhaps always do, carry with them some amount of what is termed _feeling-tone_, giving rise to a net result in consciousness which we call pleasure or the reverse. Pleasure or satisfaction--however we name that which, though vague and indeterminate in outline, is a very real attribute of the conscious situation--affords its sanction to certain modes of conation, and may thus be regarded as the psychological end of their continuance or their repetition. It is partly, no doubt, a direct adjunct of sight, hearing, taste, and so forth, and of smooth and easy movements of the body and limbs; but it is partly due to a great body of stimulation coming from many parts of the organic system. The blood-vessels are dilated or contracted, the heart’s action increased or diminished; respiration is deepened or the reverse, and its rhythm may be altered; glands are thrown into a state of activity; the tone of the muscles is affected, and there may be either incipient contraction or relaxation. These are primarily organic effects; but they influence the conscious situation, and are themselves suffused with feeling-tone. For, from all the parts so affected, messages are carried in to the brain, and such afferent messages afford data to consciousness. It may be that the experience of the conative tendency, for which Dr. Stout and others claim a distinctive place in consciousness, is largely due to afferent messages from the motor organs incipiently innervated in preparation for the behaviour which follows. In any case these probably form very important elements in the conscious situation antecedent to the actual response. In what we may term motor attention--the state well exemplified by a cat in the strained pause which precedes the spring on to the prey, or in ourselves when we poise before a dive or hold the billiard cue in preparation for a delicate stroke--this incipient innervation, felt through afferent messages from the parts thus braced for action, enters with much distinctness into the conscious situation. In sensory attention, on the other hand, reflex acts have actually taken place, having for their end and purpose the focussing of the sense organs on the object which stimulates them, so that in this way further and more effective stimulation may be received. But, as the sense organ is steadily held to the focus, and made effectually to cover the stimulating thing, the motor apparatus