Animal Intelligence: The International Scientific Series, Vol. XLIV.Romanes, George John
Science
Animal Intelligence: The International Scientific Series, Vol. XLIV.
Romanes, George John
Animal behavior; Animal intelligence
That very afternoon I found in a formicary which I
then opened several large colonies, or parts of one
colony of termites, nested within the limits of the
disk and quite at home. The next day numbers of the
winged white ants were found stored within the
granaries of a large formicary. There is no reason to
doubt that these insects were intended for food, in
accordance with the quite universal habit of the
_Formicariæ_.
A curious habit has been noticed by most observers to occur in many
species of ant, and it is one on which Mr. MacCook has a good deal to
say. The habit in question consists in the ants transporting one another
from place to place. The carrying ant seizes her comrade by the middle,
and hurries along with it held aloft--the ant which is carried remaining
quite motionless with all her legs drawn together. Huber supposed the
process to be one enjoyable to both the insects concerned, and to be
performed by mutual understanding and consent; but MacCook, in common
with most other observers, supposes that it is merely a rough and
primitive way of communicating to fellow-workers the locality where
their services are required. He says:--
Keeping these facts in mind, we have a key to the
solution of the press-gang operations which Lincecum
observed among the agriculturals, and which have been
fully described in other species. In the absence of
any common head or directory, and of all executive
officers, a change of location or any other concerted
movement must be carried forward by the willing
co-operation of individuals. At first sight, the act
of seizing and carrying off workers does not appear
like an appeal to free-will. It is indeed coercive, so
far as the first act goes. But, in point of fact, the
coercion ceases the moment the captive is set down
within the precincts of the new movement. The
carrier-ant has depended upon securing her consent and
co-operation by thus bringing her within the circle of
activity for which her service is sought. As a rule,
no doubt, the deported ant at once yields to the
influence around her, and drops into the current of
fresh enterprise, in which she moves with as entire
freedom and as independently as any other worker. But
she is apparently under no restraint, and if she so
please, may return to her former haunts.
_Certain Ants of Africa._--Livingstone says of certain ants of Africa:--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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