Animal Intelligence: The International Scientific Series, Vol. XLIV.Romanes, George John
Science
Animal Intelligence: The International Scientific Series, Vol. XLIV.
Romanes, George John
Animal behavior; Animal intelligence
Last autumn, while watching some spiders spinning
their beautiful geometrical webs, it occurred to me to
try what effect a tuning-fork would have upon them. On
sounding an A fork, and lightly touching with it any
leaf or other support of the web, or any portion of
the web itself, I found that the spider, if at the
centre of the web, rapidly slues round so as to face
the direction of the fork, feeling with its fore-feet
along which radial thread the vibration travels.
Having become satisfied on this point, it next darts
along that thread till it reaches either the fork
itself or a junction of two or more threads, the right
one of which it instantly determines as before. If the
fork is not removed when the spider has arrived it
seems to have the same charm as any fly; for the
spider seizes it, embraces it, and runs about on the
legs of the fork as often as it is made to sound,
never seeming to learn by experience that other things
may buzz besides its natural food.
If the spider is not at the centre of the web at the
time that the fork is applied, it cannot tell which
way to go until it has been to the centre to ascertain
which radial thread is vibrating, unless of course it
should happen to be on that particular thread, or on a
stretched supporting thread in contact with the fork.
If, when a spider has been enticed to the edge of the
web the fork is withdrawn, and then gradually brought
near, the spider is aware of its presence and of its
direction, and reaches out as far as possible in the
direction of the fork; but if a sounding fork is
gradually brought near a spider that has not been
disturbed, but which is waiting as usual in the middle
of the web, then, instead of reaching out towards the
fork, the spider instantly drops--at the end of a
thread, of course. If under these conditions the fork
is made to touch any part of the web, the spider is
aware of the fact, and climbs the thread and reaches
the fork with marvellous rapidity. The spider never
leaves the centre of the web without a thread along
which to travel back. If after enticing a spider out
we cut this thread with a pair of scissors, the spider
seems to be unable to get back without doing
considerable damage to the web, generally gumming
together the sticky parallel threads in groups of
three and four.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account