Animal Intelligence: The International Scientific Series, Vol. XLIV.Romanes, George John
Science
Animal Intelligence: The International Scientific Series, Vol. XLIV.
Romanes, George John
Animal behavior; Animal intelligence
would not move, and on the third day it had
disappeared.[87]
Jesse relates the following anecdote, which seems to display on the part
of a spider somewhat remote adaptation of means to novel circumstances.
He confined a spider with her eggs under a glass upon a marble
mantelpiece. Having surrounded the eggs with web,--
She next proceeded to fix one of her threads to the
upper part of the glass which confined her, and
carried it to the further end of the piece of grass,
and in a short time had succeeded in raising it up and
fixing it perpendicularly, working her threads from
the sides of the glass to the top and sides of the
piece of grass. Her motive in doing this was obvious.
She not only rendered the object of her care more
secure than it would have been had it remained flat on
the marble, but she was probably aware that the cold
from the marble would chill her eggs, and prevent
their arriving at maturity: she therefore raised them
from it in the manner I have described.[88]
Mr. Belt gives the following account of the intelligence which certain
species of South American spiders display in escaping from the terrible
hosts of the Eciton ants:--
Many of the spiders would escape by hanging suspended
by a thread of silk from the branches, safe from the
foes that swarmed both above and below.
I noticed that spiders generally were most intelligent
in escaping, and did not, like the cockroaches and
other insects, take shelter in the first hiding-place
they found, only to be driven out again, or perhaps
caught by the advancing army of ants. I have often
seen large spiders making off many yards in advance,
and apparently determined to put a good distance
between themselves and the foe. I once saw one of the
false spiders, or harvest-men (_Phalangidæ_), standing
in the midst of an army of ants, and with the greatest
circumspection and coolness lifting, one after the
other, its long legs, which supported its body above
their reach. Sometimes as many as five out of its
eight legs would be lifted at once, and whenever an
ant approached one of those on which it stood, there
was always a clear space within reach to put down
another, so as to be able to hold up the threatened
one out of danger.[89]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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