Animal Intelligence: The International Scientific Series, Vol. XLIV.Romanes, George John
Science
Animal Intelligence: The International Scientific Series, Vol. XLIV.
Romanes, George John
Animal behavior; Animal intelligence
The caterpillars, he observed, were Bombyces, and were
seen crossing a road in single file, each so close to
its predecessor that the line was quite continuous,
'moving like a living cord.' The number of
caterpillars was 154, and the length of the line 27
feet. When Mr. Davis removed one from the line the
caterpillar immediately in front suddenly stood still,
then the next, and next, and so on to the leader.
Similarly, those behind the point of interruption
successively halted. After a pause of a few moments,
the first caterpillar behind the break in the line
endeavoured to fill up the vacant space, and so
recover contact or communication, which after a time
it succeeded in doing, when the information that the
line was again closed was passed forward in some way
from caterpillar to caterpillar till it reached the
leader, when the whole fine was again put in motion.
The individual which had been abstracted remained
rolled up and motionless; but on being placed near the
moving column it immediately unrolled, and made every
attempt to get readmitted into the procession. After
many endeavours it succeeded, the one below falling
into the rear of the interloper. On repeating the
experiment by removing a caterpillar fifty from the
head of the procession, Mr. Davis found that it took
just thirty seconds by his watch for information of
the fact to reach the leader. All the same results
followed as in the previous case. It was observable
that the animals were guided neither by sight nor
smell while endeavouring to close up the interrupted
line; for the caterpillar next behind the
interruption, on whom the duty of closing up devolved,
'turned right and left, and often in a wrong
direction, when within half an inch of the one
immediately before him; when he at last touched the
object of his search, the fact was communicated again
by signal; and in thirty seconds the whole line was in
rapid march.' This gentleman adds that the object of
the march was the search for new pasture. The
caterpillars feed on the Eucalyptus, and when they
have completely stripped one tree of its leaves, they
all congregate on the trunk, and proceed as described
to another tree.
De Villiers[108] gives an account of his observations on the manner in
which these caterpillars (_Cnethocampii pitzocampa_) are able to pass
information, which does not quite agree with the above observation of
Mr. Davis. For he says that, in a train of 600 caterpillars,
interference by him in any part of the train was communicated through
the whole series instantaneously--all the 600 caterpillars stopping
immediately and with one consent like a single organism.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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