[There are no grounds for this classification.] Footnote 4.21.8: Long after the overthrow of the Greek kingdom of Bactria by the Yuti or Getes [Sakas] this region was popular and flourishing. In the year 120 before Christ, De Guignes says: “Dans ce pays on trouvait d’excellens grains, du vin de vigne, plus de cent villes, tant grandes que petites. Il est aussi fait mention du Tahia situé au midi du Gihon, et où il y a de grandes villes murées. Le général chinois y vit des toiles de l’Inde et autres marchandises, etc., etc.” (_Hist. Gén. des Huns_, vol. i. p. 51). Footnote 4.21.9: Yavan or Javan is a celebrated link of the Indu (_lunar_) genealogical chain; nor need we go to Ionia for it, though the Ionians may be a colony descended from Javan, the ninth from Yayati, who was the third son of Ayu, the ancestor of the Hindu as well as of the Tatar Induvansi. [Yavana is the general term for a foreigner, especially the non-Hindu tribes of the N.W. Frontier, and those beyond them.] The Asuras, who are so often described as invaders of India, and which word has ordinarily a mere irreligious acceptation, I firmly believe to mean the Assyrians. [This theory was adopted by J. Fergusson, _Cave Temples of India_, 34.] Footnote 4.21.10: [Such analogies of custom do not prove ethnical identity.] Footnote 4.21.11: [The theory breaks down, because the name of the sword of Argantýr was Tyrfing, or better Tyrfingr, the derivation of which word, as Mr. H. M. Chadwick kindly informs me, according to Vigfússon’s _Icelandic Dictionary_, is from _tyrfi_, a resinous fir-tree used for kindling a fire, because the sword flamed like resinous wood.] Footnote 4.21.12: See Turner’s _History of Anglo-Saxons_ for Indo-Scythic words. Footnote 4.21.13: There were no less than four distinguished leaders of this name amongst the vassals of the last Rajput emperor of Delhi; and one of them, who turned traitor to his sovereign and joined Shihabu-d-din, was actually a Scythian, and of the Gakkhar race, which maintained their ancient habits of polyandry even in Babur’s time. The Haoli Rao Hamira was lord of Kangra and the Gakkhars of Pamir. Footnote 4.21.14: Turner, when discussing the history of the Sakai, or Sakaseni, of the Caspian, whom he justly supposes to be the Saxons of the Baltic, takes occasion to introduce some words of Scythic origin (preserved by ancient writers), to almost every one of which, without straining etymology, we may give a Sanskrit origin. [There is no ground for ascribing a Scythic origin to the proper names in the text.] Scythic. Sanskrit or Bhakha. Exampaios sacred ways _Agham_ is the sacred book; _pai_ and _pada_, a foot; _pantha_, a path.