The Jayaphala, ‘the fruit of victory,’ is the nutmeg; or, as a native of Java, Javuphala, ‘fruit of Java,’ is most probably derived from Jayadiva, ‘the victorious isle.’ [The nutmeg is Jātiphala: Java is _yavadwīpa_, ‘island of barley.’] Footnote 4.22.80: The Kamari of the Saura tribes, or sun-worshippers of Saurashtra, claims descent from the bird-god of Vishnu (who aided Rama[4.22.80.A] to the discovery of Sita), and the Makara[4.22.80.B] or crocodile, and date the monstrous conception from that event, and their original abode from Sankodra Bet, or island of Sankodra. Whether to the Dioscorides at the entrance of the Arabian Gulf this name was given, evidently corrupted from Sankhadwara to Socotra, we shall not stop to inquire. Like the isle in the entrance of the Gulf of Cutch, it is the _dwara_ or portal to the Sinus Arabicus, and the pearl-shell (_sankha_) there abounds. This tribe deduce their origin from Rama’s expedition, and allege that their Icthyiopic mother landed them where they still reside. Wild as is this fable, it adds support to this hypothesis. [The Sanskrit name of Bet Island (“Bate” in the text) is Sankhuddhāra, from the conch fishery. Socotra is Dwīpa Sukhadāra, ‘island of pleasure’ (not Sakhādāra, as in _EB_, xxv. 355) (Yule, _Marco Polo_, 1st ed. ii. 342).] Footnote 4.22.80.A: Rama and Vishnu interchange characters. Footnote 4.22.80.B: It is curious that the designation of the tribe Kamar is a transposition of Makar, for the final letter of each is mute. Footnote 4.22.81: See Lempriere, arts. _Phagesia_ and _Phallica_. “L’Abbé Mignot pense que le _Phallus_ est originaire de l’Assyrie et de la Chaldée, et que c’est de ce pays que l’usage de consacrer ce symbole de la génération a passé en Égypte. Il croit, d’après le savant Le Clerc, que le nom de ce symbole est phénicien: qu’il dérive de _Phalou_ qui, dans cette langue, signifie une _chose secrète_ et _cachée_, et du verbe _phala_, qui veut dire _être tenu secret_.”[4.22.81.A] Footnote 4.22.81.A: _Des divinités génératives._ Footnote 4.22.82: _Anna_, ‘food,’ and _asa_ or _isa_, ‘the god.’ [Ananas comes from Brazilian _Nana_ or _Nanas_ (Yule, _Hobson-Jobson_, 2nd ed. 25).] Footnote 4.22.83: [It is unnecessary to discuss these theories, which are based on incorrect assumptions and obsolete etymologies.] Footnote 4.22.84: The Hindus divide the month into two portions called _pakh_ or fortnights. The first is termed _badi_, reckoning from the 1st to the 15th, which day of partition is called _amavas_, answering to the Ides of the Romans, and held by the Hindus as it was by the Jews in great sanctity. The last division is termed _sudi_, and they recommence with the initial numeral, thence to the 30th or completion, called _punim_; thus instead of the 16th, 17th, etc., of the month, they say _Sudi ekam_ (1st), _Sudi duj_ (3rd). Footnote 4.22.85: Sogdiana and Transoxiana.