Siva is represented with three eyes: hence his title of Trinetra and Trilochan, the Triophthalmic Jupiter of the Greeks. From the fire of the central eye of Siva is to proceed Pralaya, or the final destruction of the universe: this eye placed vertically, resembling the flame of a taper, is a distinguishing mark on the foreheads of his votaries. Footnote 4.19.34: I have seen a cemetery of these, each of very small dimensions, which may be described as so many concentric rings of earth, diminishing to the apex, crowned with a cylindrical stone pillar. One of the disciples of Siva was performing rites to the manes, strewing leaves of an evergreen [probably bel, _Aegle marmelos_] and sprinkling water over the graves. Footnote 4.19.35: For a description of these, vide _Transactions of the Royal Asiatic Society_, vol. i. p. 217. Footnote 4.19.36: [The more usual form is Kanphata, with the same meaning.] Footnote 4.19.37: The copy of the _Siva Purana_ which I presented to the Royal Asiatic Society was obtained for me by the Rana from the temple of Eklinga. Footnote 4.19.38: Jiva-pitri, the ‘Father of Life,’ would be a very proper epithet for Mahadeva, the creative ‘power,’ whose Olympus is Kailas. [Jīva-pitri means ‘a child whose father is alive.’ Jupiter=Skt. Dyaus-pitā.] Footnote 4.19.39: Bholanath, or the ‘Simple God,’ is one of the epithets of Siva, whose want of reflection is so great that he would give away his own divinity if asked. Footnote 4.19.40: Vidyavan, the ‘Man of Secrets or Knowledge,’ is the term used by way of reproach to the Jains, having the import of _magician_. Their opponents believe them to be possessed of supernatural skill; and it is recorded of the celebrated Amara, author of the _Kosa_ or dictionary called after him, that he raculously’ “made the full moon appear on Amavas”—the ides of the month, when the planet is invisible. Footnote 4.19.41: